The aim of the study was to examine the effect of topical vehicles on the in vivo human stratum corneum penetration of the antioxidant and skin photoprotective agent (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Model oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion and gel formulations containing 1 % (m/m) EGCG were prepared and subjected to photodegradation studies in order to select excipients that minimize the light i...

The aim of this study was to design a simple and reliable method for obtaining the detailed information about the average size, size distribution, and the surface morphology of particles with variation of the sample preparation of a polymer emulsion. In this work, the characteristic features of the particles of rosin size with high viscosity were first described by scanning electron microscopy ...

A simple and low-cost apparatus for continuous and efficient liquid-liquid extraction, which does not need continual mechanical forces (stirring, shaking, etc.) other than solution sending, has newly been developed. This apparatus, named "emulsion flow" extractor, is composed of a column part where an emulsified state fluid flow (emulsion flow) is generated by spraying micrometer-sized droplets...

To investigate the molecular organization and phase behavior of physiologic lipid mixtures that contain either newly synthesized pseudoceramide or type III synthetic ceramide, various analytical techniques were used. The phase transition temperatures detected in differential scanning calorimetry analysis were 51.19 and 50.52 for the pseudoceramide-containing physiologic lipid mixture and synthe...

OBJECTIVES To test the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of a non-toxic emulsion of free fatty acids against clinically relevant canine and feline periodontopathogens METHODS Antimicrobial kill kinetics were established utilising an alamarBlue(®) viability assay against 10 species of canine and feline periodontopathogens in the biofilm mode of growth at a concentration of 0·125% v/v medium chai...

Kinetin is a highly potent growth factor that is capable of delaying or preventing age-related changes of human skin fibroblasts. The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize topical kinetin-loaded emulsion gel and liposome gel formulations. Emulsion formulation was prepared using the spontaneous emulsification method. Pseudoternary phase diagram for oil/water (o/w) type emulsion w...

Interfacial properties rhamnolipids from an extract produced by a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed in this study. The extract of rhamnolipid was characterized by surface tension in different conditions; interfacial tension with different hydrocarbons; critical micelle concentration under different pH and temperatures; particle size and emulsification capacity using laser light pro...

The selective separation of aromatics (benzene, toluene and p-xylene, BTX) from aliphatic (n-heptane) is investigated using simple permeation and facilitated transport emulsion liquid membrane mechanism. The separation performances, represented by the permeation rate and separation factor, are analyzed systematically by varying the operating parameters. One of the major obstacles to the applica...

Fully sulfonated poly(styrenesulfonate) brushes were grown from the surface of colloidal silica particles and used to prepare stable trichloroethylene-in-water and heptane-in-water Pickering emulsions. These particles were highly charged and colloidally stable in water but could not be dispersed in trichloroethylene or heptane. Both two-phase (emulsion plus neat water) and three-phase (emulsion...

A new approach to synthesis of cross-linked colloidosomes (microcapsules with a shell from colloidal particles) was developed on the basis of a peroxidized Pickering emulsion (an emulsion stabilized exclusively by peroxidized colloidal particles). Peroxidized latex particles were employed to ensure formation of Pickering emulsion. Free radical polymerization was used to convert droplets of a pe...