The Arctic is rapidly losing its permanent ice. While increases in greenhouse gases are believed to be the underlying cause of the melting, interactions among the Arctic’s changing thermodynamic and dynamic processes driving ice loss are poorly understood. The emission of infrared radiation from the atmosphere to the surface has been recently implicated as an important factor governing the exte...

The quasi-equilibrium tropical circulation model (QTCM1) is implemented and tested. The formulation, described by Neelin and Zeng, uses a Galerkin framework in the vertical, but with basis functions tailored to quasi-equilibrium deep convective physics via analytical solutions. QTCM1 retains a single vertical structure of temperature and humidity. For a balanced treatment of dynamics and subgri...

Increases in anthropogenic aerosols in the atmosphere tend to increase the reflectance of solar (shortwave) radiation from water clouds, which can lead to lower surface temperatures. Here an opposing effect whereby aerosols increase the longwave emissivity of thin clouds that adds to the warming of the earth’s surface, is discussed. The latter effect may be particularly important in the Arctic,...

The purpose of this study is to propose a new outdoor thermal index that simultaneously indicates universal and separate effects. The value indicating universal effect in this index consists of the summation of air temperature and the effective temperature differences by air velocity, longwave radiation, solar radiation, and humidity. This paper describes the theoretical construction of this ne...

The results from the Intercomparison of Radiation Codes Used in Climate Models (ICRCCM) (Ellingson et al. 1991) showed about ±2% differences in flux calculations between the narrowband models and line-by-bine models. Narrowband and broadband model calculations of downwelling radiance showed similar discrepancies with observations from the SPECTral Radiation Experiment (SPECTRE, see Ellingson an...

Abstract. A column model of the Arctic atmosphere is developed including nonlinear positive feedback responses surface albedo and water vapour to temperature. The treated as a grey gas flux longwave radiation governed by two-stream Schwarzschild equations. Water concentration determined Clausius–Clapeyron equation. Representative pathways (RCPs) are used carbon dioxide concentrations into futur...

Several authors have suggested the possibility of utilizing measurements of spectrally resolved outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) to monitor the climatic state (e.g. Goody et al., 1998). The idea is attractive since even a moderate degree of spectral resolution allows the assignation of changes seen in the OLR to a particular cause. However, its practical implementation has been hampered by a l...