Operational research aims to identify interventions, strategies, or tools that can enhance the quality, effectiveness, or coverage of programs where the research is taking place. Médecins Sans Frontières admitted ≈5,200 patients with confirmed Ebola virus disease during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and from the beginning nested operational research within its emergency response. This resea...

BACKGROUND Emergency coronary artery bypass grafting for unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is now rare. We aimed to evaluate the current safety and outcomes of primary PCI and nonprimary PCI at centers with and without on-site surgical backup. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by using mixed-effects models. We included 23 high-...

The Emergency Management Information System (EMIS) field has an established tradition of user-centered methodological approaches for design and evaluation research. However, visual analytics, a new field that is starting to intersect with EMIS, is barely using such approaches. Thus an opportunity has emerged to expand these user-centered approaches from EMIS towards visual analytics via the des...

1 International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. Send correspondence and reprint requests to: Benjamin A. Sklaver, International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifto...

Level I trauma centers frequently see trauma at or below the ankle, which requires consultation with the orthopedic surgery department. However, as podiatry programs begin to firmly establish themselves in more Level I trauma centers, their consultations increase, ultimately taking those once seen by orthopedic surgery. A review of the literature demonstrates that this paradigm shift has yet to...

Recent evidence has demonstrated the survival benefits of helicopter transport for trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hospital-based helicopter emergency medical services (H-HEMS) in comparison with ground ambulance transport in improving mortality outcomes in patients with major trauma. Study participants were divided into 2 groups according to type...

368 strains of Shigella were recovered from stool specimens in the Department of Medical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, during the period January 1980 to December 1984. S. flexneri was found to be the most common (60%) followed by S. boydii (20.7%), S. dysenteriae (14.1%) and S. sonnei (5.2%). Males were more frequently infected (61.4%) than females (38.6%). Max...

Recently, great concerns have been raised regarding the issue of medical image protection due to the increasing demand for telemedicine services, especially the teleradiology service. To meet this challenge, a novel chaos-based approach is suggested in this paper. To address the security and efficiency problems encountered by many existing permutation-diffusion type image ciphers, the new schem...

OBJECTIVE Effective planning of Emergency Medical Services (EMS), which is highly dependent on the analysis of past data trends, is important in reducing response time. Thus, we aimed to analyze demand for these services based on time and location trends to inform planning for an effective EMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data for this retrospective study were obtained from the Izmir EMS 112 system...

1Department of Medical Oncology, Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Horfield Road, Bristol BS2 8ED, UK 2Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK 3Richard Bright Kidney Unit, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK 4Department of Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 ...