The extremely low frequency (ELF) radiation from various laptops and monitors model was investigated using a cell sensor manufactured by Action Electronic, USA that is optimized to measure radiofrequency and extremely low frequency radiation. The ELF measured vary between 0.05 and 2.5 mG for all the laptops/monitors studied however, Hp Pavilion dv6000 laptop was considered to emit highest ELF i...

External magnetic fields (MFs) have the ability to modify motor activity of animals, complex type of behaviour connected with dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmissions in the brain. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine MF-induced changes in the activity of serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptors in the prefrontal cortex, as well as dopamine D(1) and D(2) receptors in the striatum of adult...

[1] ELF/VLF radio waves (300 Hz–30 kHz) are difficult to generate with practical antennae, because of their extraordinarily long (10–1000 km) wavelengths, and the lossy nature of the Earth’s surface at these frequencies. ELF/VLF waves have been successfully generated via amplitude modulated (AM) HF (2–10 MHz) heating of the lower ionosphere. Through the temperature-dependent conductivity of the...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mediators of chronic tissue damage and fibrosis. Endogenous antioxidants may increase in response to oxidants and reduce tissue injury. We investigated the antioxidant response of the lungs to the chronic release of ROS, as occurs in the immune-specific granulomatous inflammation of chronic beryllium disease (CBD), and compared it with that in healthy controls ...

Assessment of liver fibrosis is important in determining prognosis, disease progression and need for treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Limitations to the use of liver biopsy in assessing fibrosis are well recognized, and noninvasive tests are being increasingly evaluated including transient elastography (TE) and serum markers such as the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test. W...

Natural substrates of human leukocyte elastase (ELF) in the blood are suspected to be fibrinogen and fibrin, although ELF is immediately complexed with a2-macroglobulin (a2M) and other inhibitors. However, the enzymatic activity of a2M ELP complex is not yet clear. This study was undertaken t o clarify the activity of the complex. (1) ELF and a2M were purified respectively, then the a2MOELP com...

The energy generated by an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is too weak to directly induce genotoxicity. However, it is reported that an extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) is related to DNA strand breakage and apoptosis. The testes that conduct spermatogenesis through a dynamic cellular process involving meiosis and mitosis seem vulnerable to external stress ...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among women. Recently, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) has been proposed as a new interfering agent with future therapeutic potentials. Many studies have revealed that cellular processes such as apoptosis in breast cancer are affected by ELF-EMFs. However, more researches are needed to clarify t...

Long-term exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMFs) greater than 0.4 microT has been linked, by epidemiological studies, to a small elevated risk of childhood leukaemia. Laboratory-based experiments have been claimed to show that ELF EMFs induce a variety of biological responses, although these claims are controversial. Recent experiments by Ivancsits et al. [Mutat. ...

Background: Rapidly increasing possibilities of exposure to environmental extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have become a topic of worldwide investigation. Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that exposure to ELF-EMF may increase cancer risk therefore assessment of chromosomal damage in various cell lines might be of predictive value for future risk es...