Thermal effects on the brain, spinal cord and muscles were studied in electrocoagulation and laser photocoagulation. The experiments were performed on cats and rabbits. The monopolar and bipolar electrodes of the electrosurgical unit were applied to the tissues in comparison with the carbon dioxide laser surgical unit. The experiments were divided into the following two groups: 1) Morphological...

In electrosurgery radiofrequency (RF, 300 KHz—3 MHz) alternating current (AC) is used to raise intracellular temperature in order to achieve cutting or coagulation of soft tissue [1]. The type of tissue effect (e.g. cutting or coagulation) is dependent on many factors, such as activation time and electrosurgical waveform properties. Thus, modeling electrosurgical procedure in soft tissue is con...

Electrosurgery was first described in great detail by A.J. McLean, who provided histological analysis and interpretation of the healing process in various animal tissues subjected to electrosurgery [1]. McLean also extensively studied principles regarding current density and heat transfer governing the effects of electrical current on tissue [1]. Since its initial description, electrosurgery ha...

Neutral electrodes (NE) are used in electro surgery for the return of the current to the ESU (electrosurgical unit); they are placed on the patient and monitored by a CQM (Contact Quality Monitoring) safety system that is incorporated in the ESU. In the paper the benefits and drawbacks of different CQM system are described. The Standard IEC 60601-2-2 requests volunteer experiments for NE testin...

A 32-year-old female was diagnosed by loop electrosurgical excision procedure with adenocarcinoma in situ and a focus suspicious for positive lympho-vascular invasion. An abdominal radical trachelectomy was performed to preserve her uterus and fertility. The patient recovered without complications. The patient has had one year of follow-up without any evidences of recurrence. At present, the pa...

Condyloma acuminata is caused by the proliferation of squamous epithelial cells in the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. There are several treatment options available for anogenital warts, however, none have proven to be more efficacious. We present the case of a 3 year-8 months-old male, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who presented with multiple w...

To date, the major guidelines for the management of implanted cardiac devices during electrosurgical procedures have come from 1 of several major medical societies.These most recent guidelines are from the ACCF/AHA in 2009, a combined consensus statement from the Heart Rhythm Society and the American Society of Anesthesiologists in 2011, as well as an update from the ASGE in 2007. Tables 1 and ...

The recent appearance of lasers has made electrosurgical methods almost obsolete. They seem to be routinely avoided by both dermatologists and their patients. In this paper, the benefits of electrosurgery are emphasized, pointing out that these are easy to master, efficient and low-cost procedures. An overview of the five types of cutaneous electrosurgery (electrodesiccation, electrofulguration...

A case of bronchial pleomorphic adenoma is herein presented. The patient came to the hospital for a detailed examination of a bronchial polyp that was detected by computed tomography. Chest computed tomography revealed a bronchial tumor which was located at the distal end of the left main bronchus. The patient refused surgical resection. An electrosurgical snare was performed two times and the ...

Neutral electrodes (NE) are used in electro surgery for the return of the current to the ESU (electrosurgical unit); they are placed on the patient and monitored by a CQM (Contact Quality Monitoring) safety system that is incorporated in the ESU. In the paper the benefits and drawbacks of different CQM system are described. The Standard IEC 60601-2-2 requests volunteer experiments for NE testin...