The classical economic production quantity (EPQ) model is a well-known and commonly used inventory control technique. Common assumptions in this model are that all units produced are of perfect quality and shortage is not allowed, since in practice shortage, non-conforming product or scrap items are possible, these assumptions will underestimate the actual required quantity. The objective of th...

Photolithography is when light is used to put an image from a photo mask onto a wafer that has photo resist on it thus creating integrated circuits or other technology such as read/write heads for hard drives. Reservoir Switching Units can fail to detect resist on the Photolithography tool or the Millipore pump thus introducing air into the resist lines and ultimately causing scrap due to poor ...

OBJECTIVES With nuclear technology rapidly taking the spotlight in the last 50 years, radiation accidents seem to be a harsh reality of the modern world. The Mayapuri Radiation accident of 2010 was the worst radiation accident India has yet dealt with. Two years thereafter, we designed a study to assess the awareness and practices regarding radioactive waste among scrap dealers aiming to assess...

A key element for realizing long term sustainable use of any metal will be a robust secondary recovery industry. Secondary recovery forestalls depletion of non-renewable resources and avoids the deleterious effects of extraction and winning (albeit by substituting some effects of its own). For most metals, the latter provides strong motivation for recycling; for light metals, like aluminum, the...

The recasting of previously casted alloy is a routine procedure used in dental laboratories in order to reduce the cost of permanent partial dentures. The prosthetic “scrap” encompasses the residuals generated in frame dentures casting process e.g. originating from the runners, from casting cones and improperly completed melts e.g. withmisruns, shrinkage porosities and cracks and is frequently ...

Metallurgical aggregates, which are used for metal waste melting, equipped with lances blowing gaseous media. These media allow especially scrap melting and intense homogenization of the resulting melt. In connection this, systems developed both itself on bath surface or into melt gas mixture powdered substances. When designing individual lance tips nozzles, it is necessary to respect certain c...