Background: The advanced wastewater and water treatment by Reverse Osmosis (RO) system have almost become a common option in industries. However, achieving consistent RO feed quality the rigor of pre-treatment pose big challenge for specialists. Due to critical limiting parameters (Silica, Turbidity, BOD, Total hardness) inadequate consideration recycling plant design, Plant likely fails due sc...

In recent years, membrane technology has been widely used in wastewater treatment and water purification. Membrane technology is simple to operate and produces very high quality water for human consumption and industrial purposes. One of the promising technologies for water and wastewater treatment is the application of forward osmosis. Essentially, forward osmosis is a process in which water i...

Nonlinear electro-osmotic behaviour of dilute non-adsorbing polymer solutions with low salinity is investigated using Brownian dynamics simulations and a kinetic theory. In the Brownian simulations, the hydrodynamic interaction between the polymers and a no-slip wall is considered using the Rotne-Prager approximation of the Blake tensor. In a plug flow under a sufficiently strong applied electr...

The osmotic effect arising across a porous membrane separating the solution of an electrolyte from water (or a more dilute solution) is ordinarily due to both normal osmosis, as it occurs also with non-electrolytes, and to "anomalous" osmosis. It is shown that the normal osmotic component cannot be measured quantitatively by the conventional comparison with a non-electrolytic reference solute. ...

For a microchamber filled with a binary electrolyte and containing a flat unbiased center electrode at one wall, we employ three numerical models to study the strength of the resulting induced-charge electro-osmotic (ICEO) flow rolls: (i) a full nonlinear continuum model resolving the double layer, (ii) a linear slip-velocity model not resolving the double layer and without tangential charge tr...

A new three-scale model to describe the coupling between pH-dependent flows and transient ion transport, including adsorption phenomena in kaolinite clays, is proposed. The kaolinite is characterized by three separate nano/micro and macroscopic length scales. The pore (micro)-scale is characterized by micro-pores saturated by an aqueous solution containing four monovalent ions and charged solid...

In this study, three desalination exergy analysis models including the Cerci et al. model (Model A), Drioli B) and electrolyte solution C), were developed on an existing reverse osmosis (RO) plant in Oman (Plant ALG). A modified ultrapure water (UPW) unit fed by Plant ALG has also been proposed A) based technology used a UPW operated under climate of Europe European river B). The most suitable ...

Recently a new class of generalised diffusion filters called osmosis filters has been proposed. Osmosis models are useful for a variety of tasks in visual computing. In this paper, we show that these filters are also beneficial outside image processing and computer graphics: We exploit their use for the construction of better numerical schemes for hyperbolic partial differential equations that ...

Seawater desalination for agricultural irrigation will be an important contributor to satisfying growing water demands in water scarce regions. Irrigated agriculture for food production drives global water demands, which are expected to increase while available supplies are further diminished. Implementation of reverse osmosis, the current leading technology for seawater desalination, has been ...