Wastewater discharged from metal-finishing processes usually contains nickel, a hazardous substance that is used extensively in the surface finishing industry. In the present study, an acidic solution containing nickel was treated using strong acid cation exchange resin. A continuous lab-scale cation exchange arrangement permitting the assessment of electric current as an enhancement mechanism ...

ck = speed of species k, m∕s f = fraction of solvated ions that fragment I = normalized collected current Ib = total thruster beam current, A Isp = specific impulse, s Kk = kinetic energy of species k, J L = time-of-flight distance _ m = calculated mass flow rate, kg∕s mk = mass of species k, kg q = ion electric charge, C T = calculated thrust, N t = flight time V0 = applied (maximum) potential...

We analyze standard theoretical models of solar energy conversion developed to study solar cells and photosynthetic systems. We show that assuming the energy transfer to the reaction center/electric circuit is through a decay rate or “sink”, contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. We put forward a thermodynamically consistent alternative by explicitly considering parts of the reaction cen...

Change in a magnetic field, or similarly, movement in a strong static magnetic field induces electric fields in human tissues, which could potentially cause harmful effects. In this paper, the fields induced by different rotational movements of a head in a strong homogeneous magnetic field are computed numerically. Average field magnitudes near the retinas and inner ears are studied in order to...

| This paper deals with design improvements on graded insulation of power transformers using transient electric eld analysis and a visualization technique. The calculation method for transient electric eld analysis inside a power transformer impressed with impulse voltage is presented: Initially, the concentrated electric network for the power transformer is constructed by dividing transformer ...

In recent years, Internet banking has made dramatic progress across the world. In this paper, the nature and business rationale of Internet banking are briefly reviewed and analysed. Then a multiple regression model is proposed to study the relationship between electric connectivity (PC, Internet and Mobile) and customers’ adoption of Internet banking. Empirical results are obtained and analyse...

clean hydrogen is the major energy carrier for power production. the conversion of co to co2 and zero emission during hydrogen energy production causes high capital cost. it is a matter of prestige to optimize the process in order to make zero emission and cost effective production of clean hydrogen energy and electric power. in this era, coal gasification is the most promising technology for t...

We analyze standard theoretical models of solar energy conversion developed to study solar cells and photosynthetic systems. We show that assuming the energy transfer to the reaction center/electric circuit is through a decay rate or "sink", contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. We put forward a thermodynamically consistent alternative by explicitly considering parts of the reaction cen...

Article history: Received 5 July 2011 Received in revised form 12 October 2011 Accepted 19 October 2011 Available online 20 October 2011 Editor: J.-P. Blaizot We calculate the quarkonium dissociation rate in the P and CP-odd domains (bubbles) that were possibly created in heavy-ion collisions. In the presence of the magnetic field produced by the valence quarks of colliding ions, parity-odd dom...

Generation of submillimeter radiation by stimulated Raman scattering in an intense relativistic electron beam subjected to a spatially periodic transverse electric field is examined. The requisite electric field modulation can be obtained by rippling the wall of the conducting drift tube. When the electron beam is subjected to a periodic longitudinal electric field, short wavelength plasmons, r...