this study was performed to investigate two polymorphic sites from cyp19 gene (pvuii and mspi) and one polymorphic site from erα gene (snabi) in four cattle breeds including mazandarani, taleshi, sistani and simmental. in overall 278 samples for cyp19 and 206 samples for erα marker sites were genotyped using polymerase chain reactionsingle-strand conformation polymorphism (pcr-rflp) procedure. ...

suicide is a major public health concern, with approximately one million people committing suicide world-wide each year .risk factors for suicidal behavior include, psychiatric and medical illness, impulsivity, aggression, alcohol and drug abuse specially stimulants, and  stress. neurobiological, brain mappings and biochemical studies have revealed that suicide victims experiencing a large numb...

background: molecular diversity of leishmania major and its morphological changes have become a controversial issue among researchers. some aspects of polymorphic shapes of amastigotes in clinical manifestations along with molecular variation were evaluated among suspected patients of some exceptional zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis locations in northern khuzestan, southwestern iran. methods: ...

essential hypertension (eh) accounts for 90-95% of hypertension cases. eh, as a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies, results from combined and interactive effects of genetic and environmental factors. the objective was to investigate the ace i/d and gnb3 c825t polymorphisms and both genotypes combined with seeking gene-gene interactions to furthe...

objective(s): foxp3 gene is an x-linked gene that encodes foxp3 protein, an essential transcription factor in cd4+cd25+foxp3+ regulatory t (treg) cells.  we aimed, in the present study, to investigate the association of two foxp3 polymorphisms, -2383 c/t (rs3761549) and ivs9+459 t/c (rs2280883), with lung cancer. materials and methods:  in a case-control study we analyzed genotypes and alleles ...

present investigation was carried out to identify dna polymorphism of il-2rγ and chb6 genes. sixty five birds belonging to the indigenous chicken of himachal pradesh were utilized. good quality dna samples were subjected to pcr-rflp analysis using chicken specific primers. overnight restriction enzyme digestion was carried out at 37°c with iu hph i and pvu ii for il-2rγ and chb6 genes, respecti...

canine distemper virus (cdv) creates a very contagious viral multi-systemic canine distemper (cd) disease that affects most species of carnivora order. the virus is genetically heterogeneous, particularly in section of the hemagglutinin (h) gene. sequence analysis of the h gene can be useful to investigate distinction of various lineages related to geographical distribution and cdv molecular ep...

Riccardin D, a macrocyclic bisbibenzyl isolated from Chinese liverwort Dumortiera hirsute, has been proved to have inhibitory effect on biofilms formation of Candida albicans in in vitro study. Our present study aims to investigate the in vivo effect and mechanisms of riccardin D against C. albicans biofilms when used alone or in combination with clinical using antifungal agent fluconazole. XTT...

Fungal cells exist in a diverse range of morphologies. Some species, such as Candida albicans, are dimorphic capable of growing either in a yeast-like form or as a hypha. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have long been thought to play a central role in the yeast-hyphal decision. However, until recently direct links of CDKs with proteins that execute polarized growth were elusive. In this review ...

objective: aflatoxin is important in the food industry, in animal husbandry and the medical area; there are enormous negative economic impacts due to this toxin. numerous studies have researched extracts and plant compounds with the intent to reduce the growth of aflatoxin-producing organisms, inhibit toxin production and suppress the major toxin encoded genes (i.e., aflr) in these organisms. l...