The collaborative editing of documents by teams that are distributed over many locations is a very common task nowadays. Consequently, it is a primary requirement to create editors that support that task. These group editors should be usable seamlessly in local area networks (LANs), in wide area networks (WANs) and with mobile computers. In this article we want to draw attention to the implicat...

Does ClearType-enhanced text affect performance of everyday office information tasks? We present experimental data from 38 users performing editing, scanning and reading tasks with ClearType-enhanced and regular text displays. Performance is measured by task completion time and accuracy of task responses. Results suggest that for tasks involving lengthy eye-on-text interaction (e.g., reading fo...

In this paper, we present a method for color reduction of Persian carpet cartoons that increases both speed and accuracy of editing. Carpet cartoons are in two categories: machine-printed and hand-drawn. Hand-drawn cartoons are divided into two groups: before and after discretization. The purpose of this study is color reduction of hand-drawn cartoons before discretization. The proposed algorit...

an important issue in implementation of a gis system is preparation of data to be entered in gis. to produce spatial data for gis using photogrammetric techniques, conventional method is to apply photogrammetric and gis systems individually (off-line procedure). this approach is costly, time consuming and somehow unreliable due to the fact that 3d photogrammetric model is not available at the t...

kimia-ye sa'adat is the most important work of abu hamed mohammad ghazzali in persian which has been edited and published twice in iran: the first time in 1940/1319 š by ahmad aram, and the second time in 1982/1361 š by hossein khadiv jam who had already published the first half of the book in 1976/1355 š. this article seeks to study these two editions, especially the one by khadiv jam, and com...

Translation Epistemology: Implied and Expressed The starting point for determining the nature of translation epistemology, which develops in parallel to philosophical theory cognition, is distinguish an internal epistemology that permeates field communication – one varieties verbal textual communication. Its goals are cognitive exploratory. Cognition refers essence translational communication, ...

this paper examines the theoretical rationales and practical aspects of task-based language teaching (tblt) with particular reference to research findings in efl/esl contexts. the definitional scope of the term ‘task’, polarizations in terms of task vs. non-task, and its relation to different language teaching approaches have engendered conceptual and methodological ambiguities.  moreover, fact...

Graph hierarchies, the data structures that result from hierarchically clustering the nodes of a graph, are widely used as a multi-scale way of representing data in many computing fields, including image segmentation, mesh simplification, hierarchical pathfinding and visualisation. As a result, significant efforts have been made over the years to find ways of constructing ‘good’ graph hierarchi...