During the process of economic development, different economic policies are adopted in accordance with particular circumstances. Therefore, conventional methods of time-series analysis may give misleading results if the problems associated with regime switches are not considered. The relationship between export growth and output growth is explored using a multivariate threshold model with regim...

This study contributes a stochastic, multi-objective adaptation of the classic environmental economics Lake Problem as a computationally simple but mathematically challenging benchmarking problem. The Lake Problem considers a hypothetical town by a lake, which hopes to maximize its economic benefit without crossing a nonlinear, and potentially irreversible, pollution threshold. Optimization obj...

Most accounts of thresholds between alternate regimes involve a single, dominant shift defined by one, often slowly changing variable in an ecosystem. This paper expands the focus to include similar dynamics in social and economic systems, in which multiple variables may act together in ways that produce interacting regime shifts in social-ecological systems. We use four different regions in th...

Neural systems face the challenge of optimizing their performance with limited resources, just as economic systems do. Here, we use tools of neoclassical economic theory to explore how a frugal visual system should use a limited number of neurons to optimize perception of motion. The theory prescribes that vision should allocate its resources to different conditions of stimulation according to ...

in this research, air sampling of workplaces was carried out by two methods (long - time and short - time). the mean formaldehyde concentration with long - time method in pathology labs, surgery and endoscopy sections were 0.96 0.25 and 0.13 ppm and with short - time method, 8 hours, was 3, 0.3 and 0.2 ppm. the mean formaldehyde concentration in pathology labs was above the standard values (tlv...

In the panel's primary focus on the measurement of poverty in the United States, we discuss the rationale for, and the measurement of, a concept of poverty based on the lack of family resources needed to obtain an adequate level of food, clothing, shelter, and a little more. Setting the poverty threshold, we suggest, should be informed by the actual level of expenditure on these commodities by ...

a b s t r a c t there are three types of nerve fibers that are involved in the transmission of pain stimuli: c fibers (slower fibers) for thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli, a-delta fibers for thermal or mechanical stimuli and a-beta fibers for touch stimuli. clinically, this is crucial in making an accurate assessment of the pain level experienced by a suffering patient, in indicating th...

This study examines the impact of financial inclusiveness on economic growth using a sample 60 countries from 2010 to 2017. A new Index Financial Inclusion (IFI) has been constructed for each country determine their level across time. The main findings dynamic panel threshold estimation technique revealed effect in inclusiveness-growth nexus. We find that is beneficial and positively affects at...