Dating agricultural terraces is a notoriously difficult problem for archaeologists. The frequent occurrence of residual material in terrace soils and the potential for post-depositional disturbance mean that conventional artefactual and lab-based dating methods often provide unreliable dates. In this paper we present a new technique using luminescence field profiling coupled with OSL dating to ...

Aerial photographs are a valuable resource for archaeological assessment, but their accurate interpretation is extremely labour intensive. The application of digital image processing techniques to the assessment process has, to-date, primarily focused on providing automatic measurement and correction of distortions inherent in oblique images. However, the monument discovery and mapping process ...

Transport networks play a crucial part in the global economy, with roads and railways being of particular importance at regional and national scales. However, roads and railways are founded on earthworks such as embankments, which can be susceptible to slope failure. Slope instability is a costly problem, which can lead to travel disruption, and injury or loss of life. Earthwork stability asses...

in this article, multiple-product pvrp with pickup and delivery that is used widely in goods distribution or other service companies, especially by railways, was introduced. a mathematical formulation was provided for this problem. each product had a set of vehicles which could carry the product and pickup and delivery could simultaneously occur. to solve the problem, two meta-heuristic methods...

Traditional loaders with engines present the drawbacks of high energy consumption and poor emissions performance. The usage an electric motor instead engine in loader can effectively improve efficiency emissions. is mainly used earthwork construction unstructured roads. Compared to automobile, during working process loader, load fluctuates violently, vibration serious. A large torque range oper...

in this paper, we study the problem of minimizing the ratio of two quadratic functions subject to a quadratic constraint. first we introduce a parametric equivalent of the problem. then a bisection and a generalized newton-based method algorithms are presented to solve it. in order to solve the quadratically constrained quadratic minimization problem within both algorithms, a semidefinite optim...

With the construction of supertall buildings such as high earth dams, linear envelope Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) failure criterion fitted to lower confined pressure would significantly underestimate loading capacity foundations, causing a huge increase in amount earthwork. Given that M-C has dominated stability analysis geotechnical structures, it is proposed this study remain invariant form but cohesi...