Four types of biomass (chicken waste, wood pellets, coffee residue, and tobacco stalks) were cofired at 30 wt % with a U.S. sub-bituminous coal (Powder River Basin Coal) in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed combustor. A cyclone, followed by a quartz filter, was used for fly ash removal during tests. The temperatures of the cyclone and filter were controlled at 250 and 150 degrees C, respectively...

The filtration of liquid sulfur is a key operation in the production sulfuric acid that used for phosphate fertilizer Morocco and elsewhere. purpose process to remove solid impurities from sulfur, which could clog burner spray nozzles, leading reduction lifetime unit. standard life cycle units 24 months, while due clogging, this can be reduced less than 18 obviously tremendous economic disadvan...

filter is one of the main components of embankment dams. by a simple but effective performance, filter protects the dam against erosion and soil scouring in impervious core caused by leakage (piping) and makes it safe. interaction between filter and erodible base soil is a complex phenomenon which is dependent upon several factors, and has challenged researchers for better understanding the fil...

the error of inertial navigation systems increase versus time, therefore for achieving higher accuracy specially in long time navigations we have to use an aiding system. global positioning system is the best aiding system in this case. in this paper we first simulate a gps and ins; then simulate tightly integration and finally review adaptation method of kalman filtering a fuzzy adaptive kalma...

In this study, terbium and europium rare-earth ions were single-doped co-doped to synthesized SoMoO4 phosphor at room temperature. The samples prepared crystalline SrMoO4 powder by the co-precipitation. Samples had a tetragonal structure in XRD analysis d(112) spacing was changed doping. As amount of rare earth added increased, secondary phase appeared, changed. SrMoO4:Tb3+ phosphors showed gre...

in this article, the effect of cells' radius on the behavior of wavelength switching optical filter andthe effect of the radius of the optical filters' key characteristics such as wavelength resonance onan optical filter based on photonic crystals, have been investigated. currently, the most commonapplied mechanism for designing optical filter based on photonic crystals is using twomechanisms s...

In this paper, a novel algorithm to know the pose of any autonomous vehicle is described. Such a system (Attitude and Heading Reference System, AHRS) is essential for real time vehicle navigation, guidance and control applications. For low funded projects, with simple sensors, efficient and robust algorithms become necessary for an acceptable performance, and the well-known extended Kalman filt...

This monograph reports on the development of the attitude determination backbone of the Ionospheric Observation Nanosatellite Formation (ION-F). Three spacecraft with similarly modest pointing constraints comprise the ION-F constellation. Pointing requirements for the constellation are dictated by the formation flying mission objective and communication demands. To satisfy pointing requirements...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase measurement for short baseline meets the requirements of deformation monitoring of large structures. However, the carrier phase multipath effect is the main error source with double difference (DD) processing. There are lots of methods to deal with the multipath errors of Global Position System (GPS) carrier phase data. The BeiDou navigati...

annihilation or reduction of each kind of noise blended in correct data signals is a field that has attracted many researchers. it is a fact that fuzzy theory presents full capability in this field. fuzzy filters are often strong in smoothing corrupted signals, whereas they have simple structures. in this paper, a new powerful yet simple fuzzy procedure is introduced for sharpness reduction in ...