We integrate information from the fossil record, morphology, behavior and molecular studies to provide a current overview of lorisoid evolution. Several Eocene prosimians of the northern continents, including both omomyids and adapoids, have been suggested as possible lorisoid ancestors, but these cannot be substantiated as true strepsirhines. A small-bodied primate, Anchomomys, of the middle E...

UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Globally, the origins of xeromorphic traits in modern angiosperm lineages are obscure but are thought to be linked to the early Neogene onset of seasonally arid climates. Stomatal encryption is a xeromorphic trait that is prominent in Banksia, an archetypal genus centered in one of the world's most diverse ecosystems, the ancient infertile landscape of Medite...

[1] Quasi‐periodic variation in sea‐surface temperature, precipitation, and sea‐level pressure in the equatorial Pacific known as the El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an important mode of interannual variability in global climate. A collapse of the tropical Pacific onto a state resembling a so‐called ‘permanent El Niño’, with a preferentially warmed eastern equatorial Pacific, flatter t...

Introduction Conclusions References

Investigation of fossils in lower Eocene Fushun amber from China keeps proving to be of major importance for understanding Eocene Euro-Asian insect diversity and distribution. Three new species of predatory biting midges in the fossil genera Mantohelea and Gedanohelea are described. Mantohelea sinica n. sp., Gedanohelea fushunensis n. sp. and Gedanohelea liaoningensis n. sp. from Eocene Fushun ...

In 1974, Fiersline and Applegate described a new species of billfish, Xiphiorhynchus kimblalocki, based on a rostrum, two vertebrae, and two partial fin spines, from the Yazoo Clay For­ mation, late Eoccne, Mississippi, U.S.A. This was the first sub­ stantiated record of Xiphiorhynchus van Beneden, 1871, outside of western Europe. Since this initial discovery, there have been three other record...

Previous workers identified a magnetically anomalous clay layer deposited on the northern United States Atlantic Coastal Plain during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The finding inspired the highly controversial hypothesis that a cometary impact triggered the PETM. Here we present ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), isothermal and anhysteretic remanent magnetization, first order reversa...

The genus Castanea (Fagaceae) is widely distributed in the deciduous forests of the Northern Hemisphere. The striking similarity between the floras of eastern Asia and those of eastern North America and the difference in chestnut blight resistance among species has been of interest to botanists for a century. To infer the biogeographical history of the genus, the phylogeny of Castanea was estim...

Past greenhouse periods with elevated atmospheric CO2 were characterized by globally warmer sea-surface temperatures (SST). However, the extent to which the high latitudes warmed to a greater degree than the tropics (polar amplification) remains poorly constrained, in particular because there are only a few temperature reconstructions from the tropics. Consequently, the relationship between inc...