This paper proposes a welfare criterion for economies in which agents have heterogeneously distorted beliefs. Instead of taking a stand on whose belief is correct, our criterion asserts that an allocation is belief-neutral efficient (inefficient) if it is efficient (inefficient) under any convex combination of agents' beliefs. While this criterion gives an incomplete ranking of social allocatio...

We established an in vitro hypoxia model and investigated the protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) against neuronal cell death caused by hypoxia. Hippocampal neurons obtained from rats on embryonic day (E) 17 and 20 and on postnatal day (P) 4 were cultured for 6-24 h in an oxygen-deprived state. This in vitro hypoxia study showed that the cultured neurons were sensitive to...

Three populations of myoblasts, embryonic, foetal and adult, appear sequentially during myogenesis. The present study uses retroviruses to mark myoblasts clones in vivo from these populations. Myoblasts labelled at E15 (embryonic) contributed to primary fibres only. The majority of marked primary fibres were slow but a small number of clones contained marked primaries which were no longer slow ...

The development of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptides was compared to that of leucine-enkephalin ([Leu]ENK) and dynorphin A (DYN-A) immunoreactivity (i.r.) in the rat CNS and pituitary gland. POMC i.r. appeared first in hypothalamic neurons on embryonic day E12, in pituitary anterior lobe (AL) cells on E15, in pituitary intermediate lobe (IL) cells on E16, and in perikarya of the nucle...

The numerical density of GABA immunopositive and GABA immunonegative neurons was quantitatively determined in 0, 12, 30 and 90 day-old neocortical transplants, derived from E17 rat embryos and transplanted into adult hosts. It was found that the original, very high neuronal density in the fetal transplant declined steadily after transplantation to the somatosensory cortex of adult rat. The decl...

1 Title: 2 3 Age-related drought sensitivity of Atlas cedar in the Moroccan Middle Atlas 4 forests 5 6 Authors: 7 Juan Carlos Linares *, Lahcen Taïqui , Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda , José Ignacio Seco 1 and 8 Jesús Julio Camarero 4 9 10 Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide. 11 Ctra. Utrera km. 1, E-41002 Sevilla, Spain. 12 Faculté des Sciences, Unive...

This paper develops an estimated hybrid model that combines the micro-founded DSGE model with the flexibility of the theoretical VAR model. The model is estimated via the maximum likelihood technique based on quarterly data on real Gross National Product (GNP), consumption, investment and hours worked, for the South African economy, over the period of 1970:1 to 2000:4. Based on a recursive esti...

The semaphorins are the largest family of repulsive axon guidance molecules. Secreted semaphorins bind neuropilin receptors and repel sensory, sympathetic and motor axons. Here we show that CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus axons from E15-E17 mouse embryo explants are selectively repelled by entorhinal cortex and neocortex. The secreted semaphorins Sema III and Sema IV and their receptors Neuropilin-1...

Respiratory rhythms arise from neurons situated in the ventral medulla. We are investigating their spatial and functional relationships optically by measuring changes in intracellular calcium using the fluorescent, calcium-sensitive dye Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1 AM while simultaneously recording the regular firing of motoneurons in the phrenic nerve in isolated brainstem/spinal cord preparations...