In a competitive business environment, the concept of rewards and employee motivation has become a popular point of discussion in many successful organisations. Companies need to review their reward systems in order to improve employee motivation, increase performance and stay competitive. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the role that intrinsic and extrinsic rewards play in...

Handwriting recognition is an important field as it has many practical applications such as for bank cheque processing, post office address processing and zip code recognition. Most applications are developed exclusively for Latin characters. However, despite tremendous effort by researchers in the past three decades, Arabic handwriting recognition accuracy remains low because of low efficiency...

An innovative approach for extracting signatures from bank cheque images and other documents is proposed based on the integration of the crop method with the sliding window technique. The idea is to estimate the approximate area in which the signature lies using the sliding window technique. In this approach, a window of adaptable height and width is moved over the image; one pixel at a time an...

The development of handwriting character recognition (HCR) is an interesting area in pattern recognition. HCR is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible handwritten input such as digital cameras and other devices. HCR system consists of a number of stages which are preprocessing, feature extraction, classification and followed by the actual recognition. Handwritten can b...

In two-party computation, achieving both fairness and guaranteed output delivery is well known to be impossible. Despite this limitation, many approaches provide solutions of practical interest by weakening somewhat the fairness requirement. Such approaches fall roughly in three categories: “gradual release” schemes assume that the aggrieved party can eventually reconstruct the missing informat...

In the setting of secure multiparty computation, a set of mutually distrustful parties wish to securely compute some joint function of their private inputs. The computation should be carried out in a secure way, meaning that the properties privacy, correctness, independence of inputs, fairness and guaranteed output delivery should all be preserved. Unfortunately, in the case of no honest majori...

Automatic recognition of handwritten Devnagri numerals is a difficult task in pattern recognition. It has numerous applications including those in postal sorting and bank cheque processing. In this paper, a fast and effective method is proposed for recognition of isolated handwritten Devnagri numerals based on JPEG image compression algorithm, which is less time consuming as compared to artific...

Character recognition systems can contribute tremendously to the advancement of the automation process and can improve the interaction between man and machine in many applications, including office automation, cheque verification and a large variety of banking, business and data entry applications. The main theme of this paper is the automatic recognition of hand-printed Arabic characters using...

It is common to view banks as financial intermediaries which take deposits and lend funds, thereby earning profit primarily from the difference between the interest rates they charge for loans and those they pay on deposits. Banks, however, provide a range of other financial services. Each of the major banks, for example, offers insurance, funds management, advisory services, financial markets ...