Subdural Empyema (ESD) is the collection of purulent fluid that develops between the exterior "dura mater" layer and the middle "arachnoid mater" layer that covers the brain. ESD can be caused by a primary infection located in the paranasal sinuses. In many aerobic and/or anaerobic bacterial cases, hearing or traumatic processes serve as the causative agent. This report presents pharyngitis in ...

This study reports a case of severe anterior compression of the spinal cord by a calcified herniated thoracic disc at the T9/10 level in a 46-year-old woman. She underwent resection of the calcified herniated thoracic disc and the integrated dura, using a microscopically assisted mini-open transthoracic approach. The remaining dura mater was shaped and repaired by alternate overlapping without ...

A study of the dural blood supply in 20 specimens by dissection, corrosion preparations and cleared specimens indicates that the dural arteries are similar to those of man yet significant differences were noted. The anterior cranial fossa is supplied by small twigs which spread through the dura of the anterior cranial fossa floor. The larger branch, the anterior meningeal artery, perforates the...

Connective tissue components: I. Endoneurium: consists of basal lamina surrounding Schwann cells. External to lamina is narrow zone of collagen fibrils which is endoneurium proper and contains few cells. II. Perineurium: ensheathes fascicles and ganglia and consists of lamellae of flattened cells. Larger diameter fascicles are covered by more layers. Perineurium provides diffusion barrier with ...

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Possible mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Clinical consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Rules of referred pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Dermatomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Discrepancies between dermatomes and myotomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Ref...

Intraoperative sonography was performed in 20 children in order to localize intramedullary spinal cord tumors. It provided excellent visualization of the extent and consistency of the tumor before surgical opening of the dura mater. The sonographic findings were used in selecting the site and extent of myelotomy. Intraoperative sonography proved to be a valuable adjunct to spinal cord surgery.

AIM Lumbar epidural fibrosis is increasingly recognized as a cause of persistent back pain. The aim of this study was to examine the effect Ankaferd Blood Stopper on epidural fibrosis following laminectomy in rat models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly allocated to 2 groups of 10 each. The dura mater and nerve root were exposed after L1 unilateral laminectom...