Particleboard (PB) is mainly produced using urea–formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. However, the low hydrolytic stability of UF leads to poor water resistance by PB. This research aimed analyze effect hot-pressing temperatures and addition methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) in adhesive on physical mechanical properties The first experiment focused pressing temperature treatments including 130, 140,...

Equal channel angular pressing has been used to refine the grain size of commercially pure titanium (grade 2) as well as other metals and alloys. Titanium grade 2 is usually processed at about 350 °C because it lacks sufficient ductility at lower temperatures. The warm processing temperature limits the capability of the equal channel angular pressing technique in improving the strength of titan...