the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of bacterial additives on chemical characteristics and ruminal degradability of alfalfa silage. in this experiment the treatments consisted of: 1-untreated alfalfa silage (control), 2-treated with ecosyl (ec), 3- lacticil maize (lm), and 4- a combination of both additives, ec and lm, at half level of treatments 2 and 3. silos wer...

BACKGROUND The first detailed chemical characterisation of Portuguese pine nut (Pinus pinea L.) is reported concerning proximate composition, fatty acid, mineral and vitamin contents. RESULTS Based on the analysis of 27 different populations, pine nuts were characterised by high contents of fat (47.7 g per 100 g dry matter (DM)), protein (33.8 g per 100 g DM) and phosphorus (1130 mg per 100 g...

Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) is an important cool season grass species in the moderate climate of Iran. In order to evaluate the yield and quality traits, an experiment was conducted in irrigation conditions using 36 accessions of Dactylis glomerata using a randomized complete block design with three replications in Islamabad, Kermanshah province, Iran in 2010. Characters such as forage dr...

Using 24 hours in vitro cultures of rumen microorganisms, this study investigates the effect of buffering capacity of 2 inorganic compounds (M1=119.43 and M2=116.50 meq/L) on the in vitro rumen acidogenic value (AV), medium pH, dry matter disappearance (INVDMD) and methane emission of lactating dairy cow diets containing various forage to concentrate ratios as 40:60 (FC40:60) and 30:70 (FC30:70...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing diets of milking cows monensin supplementation alone or in combination with methafix (a commercial product containing malate and fumarate) on nutrient digestibility, milk production and composition and milk fatty acids profile. using four multiparous holstein milking cows (657± 12 kg of live weight; 133 ± 41days in milk) in a lati...

Stable carbon isotope discrimination (delta13C), photosynthetic performance (A), dry matter accumulation (DW), and sucrose yield (Y(s)) of sugar beet were evaluated in a glasshouse experiment under transient (TS) and permanent (PS) water stress. A was significantly reduced under drought, to an extent depending on stress duration. The reduced A was strictly associated with a low DW and Y(s), the...

To obtain high concentration of ethanol from cellulose, corncob was pretreated with acid and alkali to remove non-cellulose components, and then subjected to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). An ethanol concentration as high as 69.2 g/L was achieved with 19% dry matter (DM) using batch SSF, resulting in an 81.2% overall ethanol yield. A fed-batch process using a high solid c...

abstract in this study 36 holstein bulls (initial bw of 345±61 kg) were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments, following a 3×2 factorial arrangement, with 3 concentrate level of fish oil (0, 1 and 2.1% of dm) and 2 levels of alfalfa hay versus corn silage (10 and 20 % of alfalfa hay forage) to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation and ratio of alfalfa hay and corn silage in di...

Published data on the effects of essential oils (EO) on in vivo nutrient digestibility in sheep are contradictory. In 2 experiments, the effect of thymol and carvacrol on nutrient digestibility was studied in sheep fed with high (70%) or low (52%) concentrate diets, using incomplete Latin Square designs. The essential oils were mixed with the concentrate portion of the diet at the rate of 0.0, ...

Traditional yam-based cropping systems (shifting cultivation, slash-and-burn, and short fallow) often result in deforestation and soil nutrient depletion. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of yam-based systems with herbaceous legumes on dry matter (DM) production (tubers, shoots), nutrients removed and recycled, and the soil fertility changes. We compared smallholders' tra...