Beijing/W genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis is widespread, may be increasing, and may have a predilection for drug resistance. Individual-level data on >29,000 patients from 49 studies in 35 countries were combined to assess the Beijing genotype's prevalence worldwide, trends over time and with age, and associations with drug resistance. We found 4 patterns for Beijing/W genotype tuberculosis...

Drug resistance of tumor cells leads to major drawbacks in the treatment of cancer. To identify candidate genes for drug resistance, we compared the expression patterns of the drug-sensitive human malignant melanoma cell line MeWo and three derived sublines with acquired resistance to the DNA-damaging agents cisplatin, etoposide, and fotemustine. Subarray analyses confirmed 57 candidate genes r...

Abstract AIMS • To determine the expression patterns of specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in medulloblastoma assess whether ABC play a role acquired drug resistance SHH using drug-tolerant cell line models extracellular vesicles transfer drug-tolerance and mechanism by which they do this METHOD Drug-tolerant lines were generated continuous culture drug-containing medium. trans- p...

Patterns of drug resistance in recurrent cases of tuberculosis may be different than in those without a history of treatment. In this retrospective study, the drug resistance pattern and outcome of treatment with DOTS category I (CAT I) regimen was compared in 63 recurrent cases and 872 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis from April 2003 to January 2008 at the National Research Institute of Tub...

Cancers are complex diseases, characterized by genomic changes at multiple levels of regulation. We present an integrative genome-wide approach that captures shared patterns from several data sources and extracts chromosomal regions predictive of patient survival in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression and drug resistance. Our results identify known and novel genomic regions that may contr...

Background Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major global health problem. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Drug resistance threatens global TB control with the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB. The burden of MDR TB and XDR TB in India is not available as continuous surveillance for drug resistance is ...

Enterococcus is the second cause of urinary tract infections in hospitals and the third most common cause of nosocomial bacteremia. Overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of nosocomial infections, causes antibiotic resistance in enterococci resistant to antibiotics through their ability to acquire resistance to antibiotics through mutation or acquisition of genetic material carrying a resista...

A ntibiotic resistance skyrocketed during the 1990s. In general, treatment failures and mortality rose in tandem with resistance. But not so in the case of macrolide resistance among isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other bacterial agents that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This phenomenon can be called the in vitro-in vivo paradox, according to William Bishai of the Johns Ho...

drug resistance (especially multiple drug resistance) in mycobacterium tuberculosis makes global concerns in treatment and control of tuberculosis. rapid diagnosis of drug resistant strains of the bacteria has vital importance in the prognosis of the disease. the aim of this study was to identify the mutations responsible for drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains derived from pa...