The Road Transport Legislation Amendment (Drug Testing) Act 2006 commenced in December 2006 and authorised roadside drug testing in NSW, and the drug testing of any driver, motorcycle rider or supervising licence holder involved in a fatal crash. A review of the drug testing legislation was undertaken in 2008 to determine whether or not the new laws were meeting their policy objectives of detec...

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics to recognize that although all foods provide some level of physiological function, the term functional foods is defined as whole foods along with fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that have a potentially beneficial effect on health when consumed as part of a varied diet on a regular basis at effective levels based on significant ...

leflunomide (lef), used for rheumatoid arthritis, inhibits dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase (dhodh) and tyrosine kinase (tk) enzymes and has anti-inflammatory, lymphocyte proliferation regulatory, immunosuppression and chondroprotective effects. the most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal disorders, weight loss, hypertension, skin infection, and neurological and hematological toxicity. it...

Because the use of herbal therapies in the U.S. is escalating, it is essential to be aware of clinical and adverse effects, doses and potential drug-herb interactions. A consumer poll in 1998 indicated that one-third of respondents use botanical remedies, and nearly one in five taking prescription medications also used herbs, high-dose dietary supplements or both. An estimated 15 million adults...

Following the arrest of a member of Golden Dawn for the murder of Pavlos Fyssas, a left-wing anti-fascist musician, in mid-September, the Greek Minister of Public Order and Citizen Protection sent to the country’s Supreme Court prosecutor a list of criminal offences believed to have been carried out by Golden Dawn members and supporters, asking that those offences be considered as acts perpetra...

Recent literature documents extensive substance misuse histories among US female prison inmates. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine whether histories of personal and familial substance misuse distinguished female inmates from substance misusers in treatment. After accounting for drug-related offences, we hypothesized that the inmates would have more extensive histories of...

This paper contributes new evidence relating to the hypothesis that there has been convergence between certain male and female offences over time. Using time-series data for adults charged with offences in Canada over the period 1983 to 2000, we conduct several formal econometric tests of the convergence hypothesis. This study allows for the non-stationarity of the data; structural breaks in so...

For centuries, Aloe Vera has been used by many different cultures. The ancient Greeks, the Romans, the Babylonians, Indians and the Chinese have all used Aloe Vera as a medicinal plant. One of the common experimental cancer models is sarcoma-180. When Aloe was administered to mice bearing S-180 tumors, the tumor growth was inhibited. Aloe vera is a dietary supplement and not a regulated drug. T...

The wrongs targeted by the criminal law need not reside in a defendant’s conduct and its effects (actus reus) or even in her willingness to allow or risk that conduct and its effects (mens rea as to actus reus). Rather, to a greater or lesser extent, wrongs may also reside in a species of mens rea that does not relate to the actus reus of an offence at all, but is rather ulterior to (goes beyon...

For centuries, Aloe Vera has been used by many different cultures. The ancient Greeks, the Romans, the Babylonians, Indians and the Chinese have all used Aloe Vera as a medicinal plant. One of the common experimental cancer models is sarcoma-180. When Aloe was administered to mice bearing S-180 tumors, the tumor growth was inhibited. Aloe vera is a dietary supplement and not a regulated drug. T...