A frozen phase transition model is developed to investigate the heat and mass transfer of a single water droplet during the vacuum freezing process. The model is based on the diffusion-controlled evaporation mechanism and phase transition characteristics. The droplet vacuum freezing process can be divided into three stages according to the droplet states and the time order. It includes the evap...

This paper reports the preparation of encapsulated particles as models of cells using an alternating droplet generation encapsulation method in which the number of particles in a droplet is controlled by a microchannel to achieve one-to-one encapsulation. Using a microchannel in which wettability is treated locally, the fluorescent particles used as models of cells were successfully encapsulate...

We analyze the migration characteristics of a droplet in an oscillatory flow field in a parallel plate microconfinement. Using phase field formalism, we capture the dynamical evolution of the droplet over a wide range of the frequency of the imposed oscillation in the flow field, drop size relative to the channel gap, and the capillary number. The latter two factors imply the contribution of dr...

Numerical solutions are presented for the steady flow corresponding to a two-dimensional moving droplet with circulation. Differences in the density of the droplet and surrounding fluid result in a buoyancy force which is balanced by a lift force due to the Magnus effect. The droplet is assumed to have constant vorticity in its interior, and its boundary may be a vortex sheet, as in a Prandtl– ...

The effect of a stationary electric field on a water droplet with a diameter of several tens micrometers in oil was examined. Such a droplet exhibits repetitive translational motion between the electrodes in a spontaneous manner. The state diagram of this oscillatory motion was deduced; at 0-20 V the droplet is fixed at the surface of the electrode, at 20-70 V the droplet exhibits small-amplitu...

The effect of nebulizer solution temperature and dilution air humidity on the size and solute concentration of aqueous aerosol droplets were studied. Four combinations of jet-nebulizers with air compressors or oxygen sources and one ultrasonic nebulizer were tested. The temperature to which the nebulizer solution of each system fell during generation was measured. The nebulizers were then kept ...

The damped oscillations of liquid-immersed ferrofluid sessile droplets were studied with high-speed imaging experiments and analytical modeling to develop a novel microrheology technique. Droplet oscillations were induced with an external magnetic field, thereby avoiding transients in the resulting vibrational response of the droplet. By following the droplet relaxation with a high-speed camera...

Droplets that are driven away from thermal equilibrium by chemical reactions can exhibit rich dynamic behaviors. When droplet material turns over by chemical reactions a spherical droplet can become unstable and divide spontaneously. We study the effects of hydrodynamic flows in this droplet division. We solve the reaction diffusion equations of a phase separating system coupled to hydrodynamic...

Perilipin 1, unlike the other perilipins, is thought to be restricted to the fat droplet. We reassessed its cellular distribution using the fat droplet marker CGI-58 in OP9 and 3T3-L1 adipocyte lines and in brown adipose tissue (BAT). As expected, we found perilipin 1 in the fat droplet-enriched floating fraction from centrifuged adipocyte or BAT homogenates. However, about half of perilipin 1 ...

Experiments were conducted on monodisperse streams of small ( 100 m) methanol and ethanol droplets, injected perpendicularly to the axis of an axisymmetric methane diffusion flame. After crossing the methane flame, the droplets ignited and continued to burn outside of the “domain of influence” of the gaseous flame till they eventually extinguished. The extinction behavior was studied as a funct...