background and purpose: fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by epa. this ion, in low doses in the mouth reduces tooth decay without health risk and at much higher doses causes health complications and can be toxic. the major sources of exposure to fluoride are drinking water, food, dental products, and pesticides. the biggest contributor to exposure for most people in i...

concentrations of several solutes – nitrate, arsenic, sulfate, boron, chloride, and bromide – along with total dissolved solids (tds) in ten counties bordering the brazos river in east-central texas were compiled, mapped, and analyzed relative to regional land use and geology. agriculture and oil/gas production are major activities and potential sources of groundwater contamination in the study...

Groundwater is generally considered a "safe source" of drinking water because it is abstracted with low microbial load with little need for treatment before drinking. However, groundwater resources are commonly vulnerable to pollution, which may degrade their quality. An assessment of microbial and physicochemical qualities of borehole water in the rural environs of Mahikeng town, South Africa,...

The purpose of present study was to evaluate fluoride, nitrate, iron, manganese and total hardness in drinking water of wells and reservoirs in Fereidonkenar, Mazandaran, Northern Iran and compare the results with national and international standards. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on data during five years from the spring of 2008 until the autumn of 2013. Studies were p...

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the concentration of metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and nickel) in the landfill leachate and heavy metals in wells downstream of municipal solid waste landfill site in the city of Mashhad. Methods: In both winter and summer seasons in 2009 samples were collected from five wells that were in landfill downstream in Mashhad. Resul...

The fluoride concentration in ground water was determined in Sankarankovil block of Tirunelveli district of Tamilnadu (India) where it is the only source of drinking water. Various other water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity total hardness and total alkalinity as well as calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride concentrations were also measured. A systemati...

Introduction In a recent study of public-supply-well water quality in the United States, nearly two-thirds of all samples from 932 public wells tapping 30 regionally extensive aquifers contained detectable amounts of drinking-water contaminants that originated entirely or primarily from manmade sources. Twenty-two percent of the samples contained at least one contaminant (manmade or naturally o...

background: scaling and corrosion are the two most important indexes in water quality evaluation. pollutants are released in water due to corrosion of pipelines. the aim of this study is to assess the scale formation and corrosion of drinking water supplies in ilam city (iran). methods: this research is a descriptive and cross-sectional study which is based on the 20 drinking water sources in i...