The paper deals with the performance optimization for skim milk powder unit of a dairy plant at National Dairy Research Institute (N. D. R. I.), Karnal using Genetic Algorithm (G. A.). The skim milk powder unit comprises of six subsystems working in series. The failure and repair rates of the subsystems are taken from maintenance history sheets, which follow the exponential distribution. The ma...

Bioactive peptides are generated during milk fermentation or enzymatic hydrolysis. Lactobacillus (L) helveticus is commonly used to produce some types of fermented products. Fermented derived bioactive known be beneficial in human health. Anti-hypertensive play a dual role the regulation hypertension through production vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and its inactivation vasodilator bradykinin. ...

In the commercial dehydration of raw Kquid skim milk the immediate practical objective is the production of a dry powder that may be conveniently stored and readily transported. The agency of dehydration is heat. In the merchandising of these powders emphasis is placed upon their high nutritive value, particularly as sources of protein, of calcium, and of vitamin G. It is commonly, if tacitly, ...

The feasibility of using frozen-thawed semen in caprine IVF outside the breeding season was investigated. Electroejaculated spermatozoa from a Nubian buck were washed twice and then frozen in skim milk- or in egg yolk-based extenders. Goat oocytes were matured and inseminated by frozen-thawed spermatozoa selected by swim-up. In vitro fertilization was performed in a modified defined medium (mDM...

Despite being important etiological agents of waterborne illness, the sources, transport and decay of human viruses in recreational waters are not well understood. This study examines enterovirus and adenovirus concentrations in coastal water samples collected from four beaches impacted by microbial pollution: (1) Malibu Lagoon, Malibu; (2) Tijuana River, Imperial Beach; (3) Baja Malibu, Baja C...

The Punjab Urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis) is an endangered subspecie of ovidae, distributed as small scattered populations in the forest belt of the Himalayan foothills of Pakistan and in the areas enclosed by the Indus and the Jhelum rivers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the liquid storage of Punjab Urial spermatozoa in different extenders for use in future in situ conservation...

The effect of chemical form and diet on manganese retention was studied in rats using two diets. The corn-skim milk low-manganese diet was fed to three groups of male, weanling albino rats and a purified manganese-free casein-dextrose diet was fed to three other groups. After 7 days on the diets one group on each diet received orally either SaMnCl2, SaMnCl2 plus carrier manganese as MnC12 in th...

Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis BSA (L. lactis BSA) was isolated from a commercial fermented product (BSA Food Ingredients, Montreal, Canada) containing mixed bacteria that are used as starter for food fermentation. In order to increase the bacteriocin production by L. lactis BSA, different fermentation conditions were conducted. They included different volumetric combinations of two culture me...