A double loop network G(n; $1, ~2) is a digraph with n nodes (0, 1, . , n 1) and 2n links of the form i + i + x1 (mod n) and i + i + s2 (mod n). A double loop network G(n; ~1, $2) is LFT if there is a Hamiltonian cycle in every G(n; ~1, ~2) e where e is any link in the network. Similarly, a double loop network G(n; ~1, ~2) is NE;T if there is a Hamiltonian cycle in every G(n; ~1, ~2) u where u ...

We demonstrate a versatile interference lithography system that can continuously vary the pattern period and orientation during fabrication of general periodic structures in one or two dimensions. Initial experimental results, using closed-loop beam steering control and double exposures on a stationary substrate, are obtained in order to illustrate its principle of operation. A fringe-locking s...

This paper describes a process model for designing and implementing instruction using various multimedia instructional materials. Our model takes a scenario-based approach as its central concept. It conceptualizes the whole process of evolving multimedia instructional material as a double-loop of activities in which teachers and students work together to enrich it. The external loop comprises p...

Design of usable and useful interactive systems requires a model that explains the activities and context of use. Similarly, design of instruction requires a valid model that illustrates the activities of student and teacher in class and classroom context. This paper describes a process model for designing and implementing instruction using various multimedia instructional materials. Our model ...

The belt loop is an important part of a standard five-pocket jeans, integrating functionality and aesthetics. Because common problems such as skewed loop, unequal lengths, improper slackness, double lines at the front pocket cover, exposed bottom asymmetry, too low or high position no light in back, we tracked sewing jeans production line, analyzed causes problems, came out with targeted soluti...

This paper explores an evolution from closed-loop control to open-loop control for a planar manipula-tor. A reinforcement learning strategy is used to learn the open-loop commands from the closed-loop control. The goal is to produce a motion using purely open-loop control strategy, thereby eliminating the need for inter-link communication and on-line control computations. Initially closed loop ...

A recent review of the literature on reflective practice in nursing indicates that approaches to its promotion in the United Kingdom and Australia appear to differ. In the United Kingdom, these approaches promote single-loop learning whereas in Australia the approaches adopted attempt to promote double-loop learning. In this paper single and double-loop learning will be defined and the limitati...

Automated Manual Transmissions (AMTs) systems are generally constituted by a dry or wet clutch assembly and a multi-speed gearbox, both equipped with electro-mechanical or electro-hydraulic actuators, which are driven by a control unit, the transmission control unit (TCU). In this transmission type the quality of the vehicle propulsion as perceived by the driver is largely dependent on the qual...

The bi-tandem axial piston pump is an indispensable powerhouse in high-pressure and high-power engineering hydraulic systems, with its output flow response characteristics under pressure disturbance exerting a significant influence on the working process of double pumps. Unfortunately, stability original single-loop mechanical–hydraulic servo control system sensitive to unpredictable interferen...