BACKGROUND Medical X-rays are the largest man-made source of public exposure to ionizing radiation. While the benefits of Computed Tomography (CT) are well known in accurate diagnosis, those benefits are not risk-free. CT is a device with higher patient dose in comparison with other conventional radiation procedures. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed at evaluating radiation dose to patients from ...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the dose calculation accuracy of EclipseTM treatment planning system (TPS) in a heterogeneous chest phantom with the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique using EBT3 film and Delta4. Materials and Methods: Two IMRT plans (A and B) were prepared for radiotherapy of the heterogeneous chest phantom. Plan A was between the left lung and the surro...

Introduction: The introduction of digital radiography has led to a significant problem in terms of dose creep. To address this problem, manufacturers have established a set of exposure indicators (EI) as a feedback mechanism to safeguard against overexposure. The EI is the measure of incident exposure to the detector that is directly proportional to the signal-to-noise...

Background: Resistance to antibiotics, including aminoglycosides  (AMG) is one of the problems associated with inappropriate administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical features of aminoglycosides consumption based on the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) index in open heart surgery. Methods: This study was done on 268 patients who underwent heart s...

PURPOSE To present the results of dose homogeneity analysis for breast cancer patients treated with image-based conformal interstitial brachytherapy, and to investigate the usefulness of the ICRU recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Treatment plans of forty-nine patients who underwent partial breast irradiation with interstitial brachytherapy were analyzed. Quantitative parameters were used ...

Introduction: Head scans are the most frequently performed computed tomography (CT) examinations worldwide. However, there is growing concern over the probability of increased cancer risks among the exposed populations. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) identify radiation dose that is not commensurate with clinical objectives. The aim of this study was to establish DR...

PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of artificial neural networks (ANN) to reconstruct dose maps for intensity modulated radiation treatment (IMRT) fields compared with those of the treatment planning system (TPS). METHODS An artificial feed forward neural network and the back-propagation learning algorithm have been used to replicate dose calculations of IMRT fields obtained from PINNACLE...

introduction: the regulation of neuroendocrine axis is one of the most important goals in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. disease modifying drugs such as chloroquine with low dose steroid is the first choice in clinical practice by some physicians. this combination therapy is evaluated by this study. methods: this survey is a prospective study on furty patients. variables for determining...

Background: In the treatment of prostate cancer, radiotherapy is the potential to increase second primary cancers such as bladder and rectal cancers. The reasons for this potential are more monitor units (MUs), therefore a larger total body dose because of leakage radiation, a bigger volume of normal tissue is exposed to lower radiation doses. This study was designed to compare the integral dos...