Conscientious objection (CO) is the refusal to obey laws due to moral, religious or belief principles. The ideologies or religions underlying laws or constitutions have been seldom analyzed. Scientific Ethics finds that constitutions and laws have implicit or explicit ideological elements that are imposed on citizens, and denies or forbids others that lead citizens to CO. Ideological analysis i...

This research aims to investigate the contributions of KARDS (knowing, analyzing, recognizing, doing, and seeing) to Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) institute teachers’ professional identity reconstruction. The researchers employed purposive sampling to choose twenty teachers. A KARDS questionnaire (Hassani, Khatib, & Yazdani Moghaddam, 2019a, 2019b) was used to classify the teacher...

Abstract This article explores the gender dimension of ideology and representation by analysing political parties that ran in 2019 Polish parliamentary elections, using a novel analytical framework based on claims gender-related policy pledges. demonstrates left liberal largely determines feminist pro-LGBTQ+ promissory representation. However, ideologies right-wing vary their traditional types ...