1. MAP is a multi-host pathogen and has been isolated from a variety of wild and domesticated animals (Verma, 2013). MAP commonly infects dairy cattle, leading to Johne’s disease, which is also known as paratuberculosis. The infection is chronic, progressive, and incurable (Collins, 1997). Paratuberculosis affects domesticated and wild ruminants including those used in food production mainly ca...

background: microsporidia species are obligatory intracellular agents that can in­fect all major animal groups including mammals, birds, fishes and insects. whereas world­wide human infection reports are increasing, the cognition of sources of infec­tion particularly zoonotic transmission could be helpful. we aimed to detect zoono­tic microsporidia spore in fecal samples from some animals with ...

Opioid analgesics have been the foundation of human pain management for centuries, and their value in animals has increased since it was proposed that it is the veterinarian's duty to alleviate pain whenever it may occur. Compared with other domesticated species, the horse has benefitted less from the increased understanding of opioid pharmacology in animals, because early literature was overlo...

Little is known about the genetic divergence in the chromosomal regions with domesticated and non-domesticated genes. The objective of our study is to examine the effect of natural selection on shaping genetic diversity of chromosome region with domesticated and non-domesticated genes in barley using 110 SSR markers. Comparison of the genetic diversity loss between wild and cultivated barley fo...

The domestication of sheep, goats and cattle by the first farmers of the Fertile Crescent of western Asia, some ten thousand years ago, had unexpected consequences. Originally intended simply to secure for sedentary cerealcultivators a captive meat supply and a convenient source of materials such as sinew and horn, domesticated livestock came to provide novel services to human populations in li...

Definition of the disease: Trypanosoma evansi causes a disease known as Trypanosomosis1 (‘surra’). It affects a number of species of domesticated animals in Asia, Africa and Central and South America. The principal host species affected varies geographically, but buffalo, cattle, camels and horses are particularly affected, although other animals, including wildlife, are also susceptible. It is...

This paper presents the results of excavations carried out in Chalcolithic contexts from walled enclosure Ota (Alenquer, Portugal). Six new absolute dates allow discussion stratigraphical evidence and chronologically frame zooarchaeological taphonomical analysis faunal assemblage. Domesticated swine, caprine bovine are prevalent, while wild species, most notably leporids, but also red deer, aur...

The standard view of modern human infectious diseases is that many of them arose during the Neolithic when animals were first domesticated, or afterwards. Here we review recent genetic and molecular clock estimates that point to a much older Paleolithic origin (2.5 million years ago to 10,000 years ago) of some of these diseases. During part of this ancient period our early human ancestors were...

The Neolithic revolution, which began some 12,000 years ago in Turkey and in other parts of the Fertile Crescent, caused man to adopt a sedentary lifestyle, which on its turn speeded up the process of domestication of animals. The dog was already domesticated before this revolution and had served man as help in hunting. During hunting, man probably figured out that a few of the hunted species c...

1. Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is a common phenomenon in animals. Rensch's rule states that larger species generally exhibit a higher male to female body size ratio than smaller ones. 2. Domesticated animals offer excellent opportunities for testing predictions of the functional explanations of Rensch's rule and this was tested in a meta-analysis of SSD in 38 breeds of domestic geese compared ...