INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... DNA SUPERCOILING AND TOPOISOMERASES ............................................. CONTROL OF TOPOISOMERASE GENE EXPRESSION ...................................... ROLE OF TOPOISOMERASES AND SUPERCOILING IN DNA REPLICATION................. Elongation Phase of Replication ..........................................

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact three concentrations a pesticide mixture on first development stages rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). made up commonly used pesticides in viticulture: glyphosate (GLY), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and copper sulfate (Cu). Eyed stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks mixture. Lethal sub-lethal effects assessed through number phenotypic molecular endpoint...

A large number of studies have demonstrated that various kinds of DNA damage accumulate during aging and one of the causes for this could be a decrease in DNA repair capacity. However, the level of total genomic repair has not been strongly correlated with aging. DNA repair of certain kinds of damage is known to be closely connected to the transcription process; thus, we chose to investigate th...

The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been applied in diverse eukaryotic organisms for targeted mutagenesis. However, targeted gene editing is inefficient and requires the simultaneous delivery of a DNA template for homology-directed repair (HDR). Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate targeted double-strand breaks and to deliver an RNA repair template for HDR in rice (Oryza sativa). We used chimeric singl...

lentiviral vectors are promising gene delivery tools capable of transducing a variety of dividing and non-dividing cells, including pluripotent stem cells which are refractory for transduction by murine retroviruses. although there is a growing debate on the safety of lentiviral vectors for gene transfer, in particular for those derived from human immunodeficiency viruses, type one (hiv-1) and ...

Mutation in homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway is well established ovarian cancers. Multiple trials have shown variable efficacy prostate Mutations other than BRCA1/BRCA2 been recently reported We describe a unique case of an elderly male with metastatic castration-resistant cancer. He responded to hormonal therapy for 6 months but later progressed. Chemotherapy docetaxel produced se...

Huntington disease (HD) is one of a growing number rare genetic diseases characterized by the inheritance an increased short tandem repeats within affected gene. Many these repeat expansion disorders (REDs) affect brain. Although mutant allele necessary first step for manifestation, second further inherited expanded repeats, particularly in neurons brain, also appears to play critical role towa...

ABSTRACT: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is the oldest known somatic cell lineage. It a cancer that propagates naturally in dogs and reportedly contains gene mutations. RASSF1 participates DNA damage repair, its downregulation, results progression. Hence, suppressor gene. Its expression was quantified tumors from seventeen animals three cultures derived tumors. In general, underexpr...

The 3′ repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1) gene encodes a nuclear protein with activity, and the mutations have been associated autoimmune diseases. Herein, we performed genetic analysis for TREX1 in 55 patients systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We identified one SLE patient overlapping dermatomyositis having heterozygous p.Asp130Asn mutation gene. had high level of serum interferon (IFN)-α compared...