econazole nitrate (en), a synthetic compound, is now in use as a routine antifungal drug. en was shown to have antitumor effect, the tumor cell killing mechanisms, however, remain unclear. in this research, the apoptosis-inducing effect of en on mcf-7 cells was investigated. the results showed that en inhibited the proliferation of mcf-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner by mtt method ...

Herein, the synthesis, structural characterization and in vitro biological evaluation of a novel Cu(II) complex with 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole pharmacophore conjugated (2-pyridinyl)methylamino chelating moiety is reported for first time. A full was conducted by X-ray crystallography, EPR, IR, elemental MS analysis, its binding to CT-DNA investigated UV-vis spectroscopy, ethidium bromide co...

Genotoxic stress triggers apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways. Recent studies have demonstrated a specific induction of E2F1 accumulation and a role for E2F1 in apoptosis upon DNA damage. Induction of E2F1 is mediated by phosphorylation events that are dependent on DNA damage-responsive protein kinases, such as ATM. How ATM phosphorylation leads to E2F1 stabilization is unknown. We no...

EBV latent antigen EBNA3C is indispensible for in vitro B-cell immortalization resulting in continuously proliferating lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). EBNA3C was previously shown to target pRb for ubiquitin-proteasome mediated degradation, which facilitates G1 to S transition controlled by the major transcriptional activator E2F1. E2F1 also plays a pivotal role in regulating DNA damage induce...

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) promotes apoptosis of cancer cells by both IGF-dependent and IGF-independent mechanisms. In vitro phosphorylation of IGFBP-3 by DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) has been reported but with unknown functional relevance. Using a chemical inhibitor for DNA-PK in prostate cancer cells and a paired system of glioblastoma cell lines tha...

BACKGROUND The intracellular signaling pathways that control cardiomyocyte apoptosis have not been fully defined. Because insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis, we examined the role of its downstream signaling molecules in an in vitro model of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Treatment of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes with IGF-1 increa...

In bacteria, SOS is a global response to DNA damage, mediated by the recA-lexA genes, resulting in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and mutagenesis. Previously, we reported that Escherichia coli responds to DNA damage via another recA-lexA-mediated pathway resulting in programmed cell death (PCD). We called it apoptosis-like death (ALD) because it is characterized by membrane depolarization and D...

Apoptosis, a major form of cell death, is characterized by chromatin condensation, a reduction in cell volume and endonuclease cleavage of DNA into oligonucleosomal length fragments. The detection of these fragments by gel electrophoresis, as a DNA ladder, is currently used as the major biochemical index of apoptosis. Here we report that key morphological changes of apoptosis can be dissociated...