The phase space trajectories of many body systems charateristic of isimple fluids are highly unstable. We quantify this instability by a set of Lyapunov exponents, which are the rates of exponential divergence, or convergence, of infinitesimal perturbations along selected directions in phase space. It is demonstrated that the perturbation associated with the maximum Lyapunov exponent is localiz...

The recent advances in alternating direct implicit (ADI) methods promise important new capability for time domain plasma simulations, namely the elimination of numerical stability limits on the time step. But the utility of these methods in simulations with charge and current sources, such as in electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EMPIC) computations, has been uncertain, as the methods introduced...

Do political and fiscal decentralization make it easier or harder to control inflation? If high inflation reflects the time inconsistency problem, devolving power might restrict the center’s ability to renege on promises of monetary stability, thus reducing inflation. If inflation results from failure to coordinate on a stabilization plan, devolving power to numerous regional governments should...

The stability of the TAP mean field equations is reanalyzed with the conclusion that the exclusive reason for the breakdown at the spin glass instability is an inconsistency for the value of the local susceptibility. The natural requirement of self-consistency leads to modified equations which are in complete agreement with the original ones above the instability. Essentially altered results be...

Indian Ocean is known as a source of moisture for southeast of Iran due to summer precipitation. In this study, in order to investigate the role of SST of Indian Ocean, and the convergence and divergence fields in the precipitation of southeast of Iran, precipitation data of five synoptic stations were used during 2000-2010, including Iranshahr, Khash, ChahBahar, Zabul, and Saravan. To investig...