The mediobasal hypothalamus regulates functions necessary for survival, including body energy balance and adaptation to stress. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the contribution of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) in controlling these two functions by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Circular, horizontal cuts (1.0 mm radius) were placed immediately above the anterior ARC to sever affe...

Abnormalities of skeletal muscles are frequently observed in patients with congestive heart failure. In these patients, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve exercise performance. The present study was designed to assess whether skeletal muscle dysfunction develops in the early stage of cardiac overload and if so, whether such functional alterations can be prevented by ACE inhi...

the holy surah “al- shams” with its effective musical sound is striking in ear and heart and includes various meanings in its few words. shortness of distances and abundance of swears and various contradictions is evident in it which led me to study it in three levels of stylistics: phonetic level, combination level and semantic level.the aim of this study is to explore the beauties of its styl...

The loss of numbers and functionality of CD4 T cells is observed in sepsis; however, the mechanism remains elusive. Gene related to anergy in lymphocytes (GRAIL) is critical for the impairment of CD4 T cell proliferation. We therefore sought to examine the role of GRAIL in CD4 T cell proliferation during sepsis. Sepsis was induced in 10-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture. S...

BACKGROUND Patient falls and injuries during hospitalization is a good quality indicator of safety of inpatients. Data on inpatients falls are deficient in Egyptian hospitals. Ain Shams university hospitals do not have any recording system for falls. AIM This study aimed at estimating the incidence density of falls and describing pattern and risk factors contributing to falls in Ain shams uni...