OBJECTIVES To estimate the predictive value of diurnal voiding symptoms for the diagnosis of bladder dysfunction in enuretic children and teenagers receiving care at Fernandes Figueira Institute (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). METHODS From June 1999 to May 2002, 91 patients (aged 5-17 years) with enuresis, both monosymptomatic and polysymptomatic, were assessed based on medical history, voiding cha...

Purpose The diurnal cycling of intraocular pressure (IOP) was first described in humans more than a century ago. This cycling is preserved in other species. The physiologic underpinning of this diurnal variation in IOP remains a mystery, even though elevated pressure is indicated in most forms of glaucoma, a common cause of blindness. Once identified, the system that underlies diurnal variation...

Studies were conducted on three herbaceous plant species growing in naturally high solar UV environments in the subalpine of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA, to determine if diurnal changes in epidermal UV transmittance (T(UV)) occur in these species, and to test whether manipulation of the solar radiation regime could alter these diurnal patterns. Additional field studies were conducted at Logan, Utah,...

[1] Spatial and temporal variability of diurnal wind forcing and the coastal response is characterized for the New York Bight from February through May, 2005. This analysis demonstrates that diurnal wind forced motions are significant in the coastal ocean during the spring and summer months, near shore and as far as 100 km offshore. A doubling of diurnal current amplitudes is common in the spri...

The current study considered the influence of perceived discrimination on the diurnal cortisol rhythm of 50 African American older adults and a matched comparison groups of 100 Whites (M(age)=56.6; 58% female). The role of socioeconomic status (SES) as a moderator of the effects of discrimination on the diurnal decline was also considered for each group. In support of the idea that perceptions ...

Increased diurnal variation of expiratory flow rates has been documented in patients with chronic bronchitis, but this could be secondary to the disease process of bronchitis rather than an associated disease--namely, asthma. Peak expiratory flow was measured twice daily before and after inhalation of 200 micrograms salbutamol in 34 subjects with chronic bronchitis. The FEV1 ranged from 38% to ...

Although a growing body of research has documented important pathways by which the HPA axis mediates the interface between the psychosocial world and individual health, there is a paucity of data from nonwestern populations, particularly from those populations with distinct nutritional and infectious disease ecologies. The specific objectives of this study are: (1) to document variation in diur...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the frequency of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) in Pakistani children and to examine the factors associated with it. METHODS A randomly selected cross-sectional study was conducted in five elementary schools, one in each of five districts of Karachi. The parents of 5000 children age between 3-13 years were asked to complete a questionnaire which included items about t...

BACKGROUND In the quest for biological mechanisms underlying socioeconomic differences in health outcomes, attention has turned to the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. As there is some evidence that both acute and chronic stress raise cortisol levels, and material hardship is a stressor, we examined the relationship of chronic material hardship with salivary cortisol leve...

The course of 39 depressed in-patients' daily mood was recorded by means of frequent self-ratings during their entire stay (in total 3718 days). The frequency of diurnal variations largely varies between subjects without clear dichotomy in 'diurnal' and 'non-diurnal' subjects and the occurrence of diurnal variations is rather irregular. Mood variability measures rather than average daily mood i...