Use of chemical criteria in assessing the potential for adverse toxic effects in contaminated sites can under or overestimate the necessary level of site cleanup required. The use of ecotoxicity testing provides a more direct assessment of adverse environmental impact. A multi-trophic level soil ecotoxicity assessment was done on soil contaminated with crude oil distilled into five different fr...

Controlled Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) is an important technique in hydrocarbon exploration because it uses the large contrast in electrical resistivity to distinguish between water and hydrocarbons. In a shallow sea environment, the airwave that is refracted from the air-water interface dominates the recorded signal at large offsets. Therefore, the hydrocarbon detection ability of the CSEM i...

How do multinational firms affect both the demand for and supply of skills in hostcountry labor markets? On the demand side, inward can FDI stimulate demand for moreskilled workers in host countries through several channels. To date, most empirical evidence indicates that these channels work mainly within multinationals themselves, rather than through knowledge spillovers to domestic firms. On ...