In the context of two Environmental Health Surveillance Programs, launched in response to public and scientific concern in relation to waste incinerators located near Lisbon and in Madeira Island, two human biomonitoring projects have been started in Portugal, focussed in dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in human milk. Results from the undertaken studies have already provided data on the exten...

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Introduction: Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls are considered to be among the most toxic humans due their persistence, resistance degradation chemical properties. Endometriosis is characterized by presence of endometrial cells outside uterine cavity showing secretory activity. It one common causes pelvic pain decreased fertility; formed as a result action hormonal immune mechan...

Animal studies have shown that dioxins influence plasma thyroid hormone concentrations. To investigate the effect of chlorinated dioxins and furans on thyroid hormone concentrations in humans, we studied 38 healthy breast-fed infants. The study population was divided into two groups according to the dioxin concentrations in milk fat of their mothers. Blood samples were taken at birth and at the...

A new and easy fast-screening test (the Ad-DR (adenoviral vector-dioxin response) bioassay) for dioxins in biological samples from highly dioxin-contaminated areas was developed. The aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor (AhR) reporter system was utilized to transport a dioxin-responsive-element (DRE) via an adenovirus vector into rat hepatoma (H4IIE) cells before each experiment; these DRE-H4IIE cells wer...

The emission of dioxins is perceived widely as a major environmental impact of combustion processes. This paper will report the results of an extensive study of published data on a) the rate of formation of dioxins from all U.S. sources; b) the pre-MACT and post-MACT performance of individual Waste-to-Energy (WTE) plants in the U.S. and how post-MACT emissions compare with the 1998 EU standard ...