A 63-year-old man presented with symptomatic severe mitral regurgitat ion. Both trans-esophageal 3-D echocardiography and operative linear measurements showed a 25 mm long A2 anterior leaflet with a very wide (23 mm) prolapsing 30 mm long P2 posterior mid-scallop (Figure 1A,B). P1 and P3 were diminutive in height and width (Figure 2). A ‘haircut’ posterior leaflet-plasty was done to maintain le...

Thirteen of 19 neonates seen in the first months of life with critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) and an intact ventricular septum had a diminutive right ventricle (RV) evidenced by electrocardiographic and angiocardiographic criteria. All were critically ill and at catheterization had hypoxemia secondary to right-to-left shunting at the atrial level, and RV hypertension. Right ventricular angiogr...

The extremes of dinosaur body size have long fascinated scientists. The smallest (<1 m length) known dinosaurs are carnivorous saurischian theropods, and similarly diminutive herbivorous or omnivorous ornithischians (the other major group of dinosaurs) are unknown. We report a new ornithischian dinosaur, Fruitadens haagarorum, from the Late Jurassic of western North America that rivals the smal...

Escalating stratums of breeze vigor, which is variable, difficult to predict accurately, and escalating connected via power electronic converters, are changing how electricity grids are planned, designed, and operated. . Systems with high breeze penetration are also experiencing dramatic changes to the operating regimes of conventional resources to areas with large loads. Optimal diminutive-ten...