Polymerization of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ), a process which requires that the helical structure of Aβ unfolds beforehand, is suspected to cause neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. According to recent experimental studies, stabilization of the Aβ central helix counteracts Aβ polymerization into toxic assemblies. The effects of two ligands (Dec-DETA and Pep1b), which were designed to bind...

For any collection of sets of reals C, let C-DET be the statement that all sets of reals in C are determined. In this paper we study questions of the form: For given C C C', when is C'-DET equivalent, equiconsistent or strictly stronger in consistency strength than C-DET (modulo ZFC)? We focus especially on classes C contained in the projective sets.

Interrelated inequalities involving doubly stochastic matrices are presented. For example, if B is an n by n doubly stochasti c matrix, x any nonnega tive vector and y = Bx, the n XIX,· •• ,x" :0:::; YIY" •• y ... Also, if A is an n by n nonnegotive matrix and D and E are positive diagonal matrices such that B = DAE is doubly s tochasti c, the n det DE ;:::: p(A) ... , where p (A) is the Perron...

A novel double distilled water plan t has been designed and fabri cated w ith the main obj ecti ves to overcome the drawbacks of ex isting conventional plants and to save energy. T he deta il ed schematic drawing of the plant is given; its operating proced ure is al so discussed. Its work ing is based on a non-convention al method of vapori zing water. A ll the aspects of the experimental obser...

In response to a question posed by João P. Silva, I demonstrate that an arbitrary 2n×2n real orthogonal antisymmetric matrix can be parameterized by n(n−1) continuous angular parameters. An algorithm is provided for constructing the general form for such a matrix. This algorithm is based on observation that Sp(n,R) ∩ O(2n) ∼= U(n) and employs the parameterization of the coset space SO(2n)/U(n)....

We establish universality of local eigenvalue correlations in unitary random matrix ensembles 1 Zn | det M | 2α e −ntr V (M) dM near the origin of the spectrum. If V is even, and if the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials associated with |x| 2α e −nV (x) have a regular limiting behavior, then it is known from work of Akemann et al., and Kanzieper and Freilikher that the local ...

Previous studies using the nuclear SSU rDNA have indicated that the photosynthetic euglenoids are a monophyletic group; however, some of the genera within the photosynthetic lineage are not monophyletic. To test these results further, evolutionary relationships among the photosynthetic genera were investigated by obtaining partial LSU nuclear rDNA sequences. Taxa from each of the external clade...

This study determined the effects of contact with DEET on guinea pig skin on mortality, probing time, blood feeding rate, engorgement time, and fecundity responses in female Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. Exposure, in this manner, to 10% DEET (in ethanol) for 5 min, resulted in 98% mortality in mosquitoes after 24h. The median probing time (PT(50)) required by females, when exposed to 0.1%, 1.0...

For a continuous nonvanishing complex-valued function g on the real line, several notions of a mean winding number are introduced. We give necessary conditions for a Toeplitz operator with matrix-valued symbol G to be semi-Fredholm in terms of mean winding numbers of det G. The matrix function G is assumed to be continuous on the real line, and no other apriori assumptions on it are made.

A modular and novel assay system for rapid mass screening of chemical compounds for contact irritant and spatial repellent actions against adult mosquitoes is described. The responses of Aedes aegypti to various concentrations of 3 topical repellents, deet, Bayrepel, and SS220, were evaluated. At treatment concentrations > or = 25 nmol/cm2 of SS220, mosquitoes exhibited significant contact irri...