Prolonged exercise of medium to high intensity is known to promote a substantial effect on the energy balance of rats. In male rats, moderately to severely intense programs lead to a reduction in food intake. However, the exact causes for the appetite-suppressive effects of exercise are not known. Here, we show that intracerebroventricular insulin or leptin infusion reduced food intake in exerc...

The role of brain insulin signaling in the control of food intake in humans has not been thoroughly defined. We hypothesized that the hormone contributes to the postprandial regulation of appetite for palatable food, and assessed the effects on appetite and snack intake of postprandial versus fasted intranasal insulin administration to the brain in healthy women. Two groups of subjects were int...

BACKGROUND Exposure to food odours increases the appetite for congruent foods and decreases the appetite for incongruent foods. However, the effect of exposure to a variety of food odours, as often occurs in daily life, is unknown. OBJECTIVE Investigate how switching between sweet and savoury odours affects the appetite for sweet and savoury products. DESIGN Thirty women (age: 18-45y; BMI: ...

A Cochrane systematic review explored the potential role of rimonabant for overweight and obesity [1]. On the basis of surrogate outcomes reported in the included RCTs, rimonabant has been a candidate (by its producer) to act as a pleiotropic agent for the entire cardiovascular risk spectrum. Is this compelling evidence to consider rimonabant the new panacea for the ‘‘metabolic syndrome’’ or ar...

Older people frequently fail to ingest adequate amount of food to meet their essential energy and nutrient requirements. Anorexia of aging, defined by decrease in appetite and/or food intake in old age, is a major contributing factor to under-nutrition and adverse health outcomes in the geriatric population. This disorder is indeed highly prevalent and is recognized as an independent predictor ...

The dominant view regards weakness of will an anomaly facing the standard theory of rationality. The paper argues the opposite: What is anomalous is that weakness of will is not pervasive enough. In a simple model, the paper shows that weakness of will is the dominant strategy in a game between current self and future self. This leads to the motivating question of the paper: Why is weakness of ...

AIM This paper traces the genealogy of the Barker hypothesis and its intersections with popular representations of scientific discourses about pregnancy and maternal obesity. METHOD Drawing on Foucault's genealogical method, this study examines the historical 'descent' of the developmental origins of adult disease and its initial grounding in structural factors of gender inequality and low so...

In the last decade, concerns about clergy counselors' liability for malpractice has focused on allegations of sexual abuse. Thus far, courts have not adjudicated a complaint of clergy malpractice. Their reasons have centered on concern for freedom of religion under the First Amendment. Therefore, there is a need to find another way to deal with the obvious reality that violating others' rights ...

SCIENCE sciencemag.org However, mechanisms are also needed to block expression of genes that specify other cell lineages. Kim et al. identified such a mechanism in the Drosophila male germ line. A multiple–zinc finger protein and a chromatin remodeler were found to act together to block transcription from cryptic promoters. These factors prevented aberrant gene expression and enabled proper dif...