The paper presents the development of a method that determines building material and surface properties using relative simple and low-budget experiments, with the following conditions: (I) Constrained: the material is located in building constructions and only non destructive measurements are allowed. (II) Unconstrained: the material if is freely available for optimal testing. The latter compre...

This paper presents a design pattern for handling argument structure and offers a concrete operationalization of this pattern in Fluid Construction Grammar. Argument structure concerns the mapping between ‘participant structure’ (who did what to whom) and instances of ‘argument realization’ (the linguistic expression of participant structures). This mapping is multilayered and indirect, which p...

Nowadays, it is necessary to apply modern techniques for the design of road networks, especially roads passing through ecosystems such as forests, in order to reduce operating costs, prevent further degradation of the environment, increase road efficiency and achieve sustainable development goals. In this paper, a new way of designing the road is presented. New design method has the ability to ...

berthing force is a critical dynamic lateral force in the design of berthing structures, having equal relevance when compared to seismic forces. besides, the construction cost of berthing structures is very high which can be optimized by calculating precise design berthing energy on fender and selecting optimum fender system. in the present study, design berthing energy of bulk carriers having ...

Although construction has been known as a highly complex application field for autonomous robotic systems, recent advances in this field offer great hope for using robotic capabilities to develop automated construction. Today, space research agencies seek to build infrastructures without human intervention, and construction companies look to robots with the potential to improve construction qua...

due to the massive loss of leaves in parks and green spaces and big cities such as isfahan and the lack of domestic production of leaf vacuum shredder machine for use in large green spaces of parks, the design and construction of the collecting and recycling by the system is need so the design of the vaccum section which is one of the main parts and includes entrance, channels and ducts and exh...