Abstract The energy efficiency first (EE1) principle was defined and established as a leading of the European Union’s policy with Clean Energy for All Europeans package in 2016. requires demand resources to be considered on par supply-side solutions prioritized whenever they are less costly or deliver more value than alternative options. This approach should applied every planning process, deci...

Knightian uncertainty represents a situation in which it is no longer possible to form expectations about future events. We propose method directly measure uncertainty. Our approach relies on firm-level data and measures the share of firms that do not formalize their demand. construct Uncertainty Indicator for Switzerland show indicator able identify times high evaluate by comparing established...

this paper explores cultural policy making during jack lang’s ministry (1988-1993, 1981-1986) with emphasis on factors which enabled the cultural ministry to achieve maturity and especially acceleration in modernization in accordance with previous attempts by former ministers such as andré malraux. the field of dram (theater, cinema) is undoubtedly an indicator of the following process by jack ...

T   he completed MCI includes three main channels of interest rate, exchange rate and credit rate. In developing countries such as Iran, this indicator, which contains a credit channel, could be better used to illustrate the country’s monetary condition. This study has been done to calculate this index for the period of 1978–2012. For this purpose, the function of the total economy demand ...

OBJECTIVE Although the medical system has expanded considerably over the past two decades in almost all countries, so too has the demand for health care. The radiology specialisation may be an early system indicator, being especially sensitive to changes in supply and demand in both rural and urban environments. The question is whether the new policies of increasing the number of radiologists c...

This paper models the price and income elasticity of retail finance in Australia using aggregate quarterly data and an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. We particularly focus on the impact of the global financial crisis (GFC) from 2007 onwards on retail finance demand and analyse four submarkets (period analysed in brackets): owneroccupied housing loans (Sep 1985–June 2010), term ...

a new medium, termed ecol was developed for the detection and enumeration of e. coli. the selective properties of ecol medium for the detection of e.coli from mixed culture in wastewater was tested and compared with conventional coliform media at 37°c and 44°c. results clearly showed that ecol medium was enable to direct confirmation of e.coli to be carried out by the indole reaction. the resul...

background: one of the main and basic pillars of health system promotion is the equitable distribution of health facilities in order to ensure fair access of people in the community to the health services. the goal of this study was to classify the health structural indicators in golestan province using scalogram analysis model. method: a descriptive study was conducted in 2010. data related to...

This study uses a vector autoregression (VAR) model to analyze changes in pollutants among different mining industries and related policy in China from 2001 to 2014. The results show that: (1) because the pertinence of standards for mining waste water and waste gas emissions are not strong and because the maximum permissible discharge pollutant concentrations in these standards are too high, am...