Introduction: One factor affecting the degree of polymerization is the type of light-curing device. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of LED and QTH light curing units on the surface hardness of composite and compomer. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 30 samples of composite and compomer were divided into 3 groups of 10 each. One-half of the subgroups in each g...

Chemical hardness () and absolute electronegativity () have important applications in chemistry. Inthe conceptual Density Functional theory (DFT), these concepts has been associated with electronicenergy and the relationship with ionization energy (I) and electron affinity (A) of these concepts hasbeen given. In this study, graphical method was used in order to see the relationship with the ato...

Nanoindentation measurements were obtained on eight commercially-produced DP980 dual-phase steels to quantify the hardness of the individual constituents, ferrite and martensite, in each steel. Each microstructure was also evaluated to determine grain size, martensite volume fraction (MVF), and retained austenite content. Nanoindentation hardnesses and quantitative microstructural measurements ...

effects of homogenization sequence (before or after heating) and homogenization pressure (0, 50, or 150 bar) were studied on the certain textural properties of milk-based creamy dessert including hardness, surface tension and syneresis. also, the microstructure of the treatments was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (sem). homogenization at 50 bar after heating led to the highest hard...

in the present work, the effect of aluminum content, austenitizing temperature and austempering time and temperature on the mechanical properties and hardness of fe-c-al grey cast iron was investigated. for this purpose, three alloys containing 1, 2 and 4 weight percent of aluminum were provided. the tensile samples were austenitized at 850?c and 900?c for 120 min, followed by austempering proc...

Water hardness is a property depending on the presence of alkaline earth metals, mainly calcium and magnesium. Among the strategies for water quality monitoring, ecotoxicological assays are performed to minimize impacts and classify water bodies. For these laboratory evaluations parameters are previously defined in the guidelines, including water hardness for both cultivation and testing medium...

An investigation was carried out to understand the effects of solidification time of the cylindrical specimen on hardness, wear rate and the coefficient of friction of Aluminium alloy (LM4). The commercially available LM4 Aluminium alloy was melted in a crucible furnace under argon atmosphere. The molten metal was poured into sand moulds having dissimilar size holes. The cast rods were tested f...