introduction the aim of this study was toinvestigate the sterilization potential of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (appj) and interactions of this technology with double-stranded dna using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) techniques. materials and methods the plasma jet was produced through a high voltage sinusoidal power supplyusing a mixt...

Leaf phenology varies markedly across tree species of temperate deciduous forests. Early leafing in spring may increase light capture and carbon gain prior to canopy closure, allowing saplings to survive in understory sites deeply shaded in midsummer. We quantified sapling leaf phenology for 18 tree species and seasonal variation in understory light availability at three sites along a ridge-slo...

Local adaptations to environmental conditions are of high ecological importance as they determine distribution ranges and likely affect species responses to climate change. Increased environmental stress (warming, extreme drought) due to climate change in combination with decreased genetic mixing due to isolation may lead to stronger local adaptations of geographically marginal than central pop...

Fatty acid esterification of budesonide (BUD) has previously been documented in vitro as well as in large airway tissues after in vivo administration. This reversible esterification has the potential to prolong the anti-inflammatory effect of BUD and improve its airway selectivity. In the present study we characterized the plasma and tissue kinetics of BUD in the rat after inhalation and intrav...

OBJECTIVES Previous research has produced conflicting evidence on the relative merits of advancing and delaying shift systems. The current study assessed the effects of the direction of shift rotation within 8 hour systems, upon a range of measures including sleep, on shift alertness, physical health, and psychological wellbeing. METHODS An abridged version of the standard shiftwork index whi...

Objectives—Previous research has produced conflicting evidence on the relative merits of advancing and delaying shift systems. The current study assessed the eVects of the direction of shift rotation within 8 hour systems, upon a range of measures including sleep, on shift alertness, physical health, and psychological wellbeing. Methods—An abridged version of the standard shiftwork index which ...

In animals, the nuclear envelope disassembles in mitosis, while budding and fission yeast form an intranuclear spindle. Ultrastructural data indicate that basidiomycetes, such as the pathogen Ustilago maydis, undergo an 'open mitosis'. Here we describe the mechanism of nuclear envelope break-down in U. maydis. In interphase, the nucleus resides in the mother cell and the spindle pole body is in...

In vitro shoot multiplication of Merton I. 793, a clonal apple rootstock, was achieved through terminal/axillary bud culture using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5-1.0 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Time of collection of explants, duration of surface sterilents and growth regulators added in the medium influenced the survival...