Stably stratified canopy flow in complex terrain has been considered a difficult condition for measuring net ecosystem–atmosphere exchanges of carbon, water vapor, and energy. A long-standing advection error in eddy-flux measurements is caused by stably stratified canopy flow. Such a condition with strong thermal gradient and less turbulent air is also difficult for modeling. To understand the ...

Observations of the poleward heat transport of the earth (H ) suggest that the atmosphere is the primary transporting agent poleward of 30°, that oceanic (HO) and atmospheric (HA) contributions are comparable in the tropical belt, and that ocean transport dominates in the deep Tropics. To study the partition we express the ratio HA/HO as

Contrary to the second order case, biharmonic heat kernels are sign-changing. A deep knowledge of their behaviour may however allow to prove positivity results for solutions of the Cauchy problem. We establish further properties of these kernels, we prove some Lorch-Szegö-type monotonicity results and we give some hints on how to obtain similar results for higher polyharmonic parabolic problems.

Observations from the May–June 1998 South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) have been used to determine the characteristics of the onset of the summer monsoon over the northern South China Sea (SCS). The onset occurred in mid-May with a rapid increase in deep convection over a weekto-ten-day period, followed by a ~ten-day break, and then a resumption of deep convection for a week-toten-day ...

A new design of light illumination scheme for deep tissue photoacoustic (PA) imaging, a light catcher, is proposed and evaluated by in silico simulation. Finite element (FE)-based numerical simulation model was developed for photoacoustic (PA) imaging in soft tissues. In this in silico simulation using a commercially available FE simulation package (COMSOL Multiphysics, COMSOL Inc., USA), a sho...

The clinical application of hyperthermia in the treatment of deep-seated tumors remains an empirical science. The pleomorphic nature of the neoplasms and the great diversity in the anatomy and physiology of the individual tumor locations make the treatment of nearly every neoplasm a unique challenge. A wide variety of devices is required, both for the administra tion of hyperthermia and for the...

Joint Inversion of Production and Temperature Data Illuminates Vertical Permeability Distribution in Deep Reservoirs. (August 2012) Zhishuai Zhang, B.S., Nankai University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. Behnam Jafarpour Dr. Akhil Datta-Gupta Characterization of connectivity in compartmentalized deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GoM) reservoirs is an outstanding challenge of the industry that can ...

Context. Both superbursters and soft X-ray transients probe the process of deep crustal heating in compact stars. It was recently shown that the transfer of matter from crust to core in a strange star can heat the crust and ignite superbursts provided certain constraints on the strange quark matter equation of state are fulfilled. Aims. We derive corresponding constraints on the equation of sta...

A method has been developed to test the hypothesis that the deep tissues of the legs, e.g., skeletal muscle and/or periosteum, contain thermosensitive elements feeding signals into the temperature-regulating system. Stainless steel thermodes of 10 to 12-mm diameter and 100 to 150-mm length were chronically implanted into the marrow spaces of both humeri and femora, all of which have wide caviti...