hamid sharif nia behavioral sciences research center, school of nursing, baqiyatallah university of medical sciences and janbazan medical and engineering research center (jmerc), tehran, iran. abbas ebadi abbas ebadi, aghdasih st., araj square, school of nursing, baqiyatallah university of medical sciences, tehran, iran. rebecca h lehto assistant professor, michigan state university, school of nursing, east lansing, mi, usa. batool mousavi specialist, department of prevention, janbazan medical and engineering research center, tehran, iran. hamid peyrovi associate professor, center for nursing care research, department of critical care nursing, school of nursing and midwifery, iran university of medical sciences, tehran, iran. yiong huak chan head, biostatistics unit, yong loo lin school of medicine, national university health system, singapore