Abstract. Much of the work on flow through porous media, especially with regard to studies on the flow of oil, are based on “Darcy’s law” or modifications to it such as Darcy-Forchheimer or Brinkman models. While many theoretical and numerical studies concerning flow through porous media have taken into account the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of the porous solid, they have not taken into accou...

Possibility of a system leakage in an air-conditioning system always exists. Once a leakage occurs refrigerant and oil escape from the system and compressor. This paper determines the characteristics of the losses. Two important factors affecting the loss characteristics are location of leakage in the system and speed ofleakage or leakage rate. This paper then reasons the tested actual loss cha...

As the driving energy to deal with decrease of interlayer pressure caused by continuous oil production, layered water injection technology has characteristics inhibiting production and slowing down increase oil/gas ratio. In engineering, is often used improve properties crude oil, such as excessive viscosity, weak liquidity, depleted storage, avoid formation dead oil. Injecting appropriate amou...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of bio-oil incorporation on properties of bio-oil-phenol formaldehyde (BPF) resol resins along with the optimization of petro-phenol substitution level. Crude bio-oil prepared from endocarp shells of Ziziphus mauritiana by direct solvolytic liquefaction (ethanol-water 1:1 wt./wt. at 300 °C) was used to partially substitute the petro-phenol (30% t...

When silicone oil is used as a vitreous substitute, reproliferation of vitreoretinal membranes beneath the oil occurs frequently. Nevertheless, the effects of various properties of silicone oils such as purity, viscosity, fluorination, or emulsification on cellular proliferation have not been established. Human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were grown to confluence on filters, and then...

This work aimed to study the effect of emulsion properties on the microencapsulation of orange essential oil by spray drying. The study was performed using a 2 central composite design, where the independent variables were the total solid content (0-30%), the ratio of oil/total solids (0-30%) and the homogenization pressure used for emulsification (0-1000 bar). Whey protein concentrate and 20 D...

Background and objectives: Amla is native to India and is exported to Iran. Although amla has been mentioned in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) manuscripts, no pharmaceuticals have been prepared from this medicinal plant in Iran; thus, in the present study amla oil has been designed and formulated according to ITM. Methods: Phyllantus emblica and <e...

Abstract. With the depletion of oil reserves and increase in oil price, the enhanced oil recovery methods such as polymer flooding to increase oil production from waterflooded fields are becoming more attractive. Effective design of these processes is challenging because the polymer chemistry has a strong effect on reaction and fluid rheology, which in turn has s strong effect on fluid transpor...

The spreading of oil underneath a sheet of ice is computed using an adaptive level set method for incompressible two-uid ow. Factors such as viscosity, surface tension, and wall adhesion are taken into account in the computations. The results of the computations agree well with previous experiments and theory. In this work, we also present a v ery eecient and accurate computational method for d...