Safety is a main concern of any aspects in human life. Gas leakages open or closed areas can be dangerous and threatening. There are many difficulties preventing gas leakage, such as late information to alert the people about leakage so that leaked will continue spread all parts building cause fires gives substantial material losses. Therefore, it necessary have detection system provide early w...

VANETs (Vehicle Ad hoc Networks) are networks made up of a number vehicular nodes that free to enter and leave the network. The Location Aided Routing (LAR) protocol is one most frequently utilized among them. Here, route request packets flooded across many pathways source node using broadcasting strategy. vehicles have direct path destination send reply back source. least hops sequence used de...

sensor networks generally consist of a very great number of sensor nodes which will be spread into a vast environment and aggregate data out of it. the sensor nodes are afflicted with some limitations as follows memory, reception, communication as well as calculation capability, and battery power. the transmission of a great amount of extra data increases data transmission and proportionally in...