Gangliosides are sialated glycosphingolipids present on the plasma membranes of all vertebrate cells. Tumors shed gangliosides into the extracellular microenvironment, which may influence tumor-host cell interactions. We have investigated the role of gangliosides on the growth and angiogenesis of the EPEN experimental mouse brain tumor. EPEN cells express only ganglioside G(M3), and the solid t...

Activation of dopamine D(1A) receptors in renal proximal tubules causes inhibition of sodium transporters (Na-K-ATPase and Na/H exchanger), leading to a decrease in sodium reabsorption. In addition to being localized on the plasma membrane, D(1A) receptors are mainly present in intracellular compartments under basal conditions. We observed, using [(3)H]SCH-23390 binding and immunoblotting, that...

In soybean, asynaptic and desynaptic mutants lead to abnormal meiosis and fertility reduction. Several male-sterile, female-sterile mutants have been identified and studied in soybean, however, some of these mutants have not been mapped to locations on soybean chromosomes. The objectives of this study were to molecularly map five male-sterile, female-sterile genes (st2, st4, st5, st6, and st7) ...

In soybean, genic male sterility can be utilized as a tool to develop hybrid seed. Several male-sterile, female-fertile mutants have been identified in soybean. The malesterile, female-fertile ms5 mutant was selected after fast neutron irradiation. Male-sterility due to ms5 was associated with the “stay-green” cotyledon color mutation. The cotyledon color trait in soybean is controlled by two l...

Dopamine receptor genes are under complex transcription control, determining their unique regional distribution in the brain. We describe here a zinc finger type transcription factor, designated dopamine receptor regulating factor (DRRF), which binds to GC and GT boxes in the D1A and D2 dopamine receptor promoters and effectively displaces Sp1 and Sp3 from these sequences. Consequently, DRRF ca...

Genetic characterization, diversity analysis and estimate of the genetic relationship among varieties using functional and random DNA markers linked to agronomic traits can provide relevant guidelines in selecting parents and designing new breeding strategies for marker-assisted wheat cultivar improvement. Here, we characterize 20 Moroccan and 19 exotic bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultiv...

Spectral reflectance patterns of corals are driven largely by the pigments of photosynthetic symbionts within the host cnidarian. The warm inshore bays and cooler offshore reefs of Palau share a variety of coral species with differing endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (genus: Symbiodinium), with the thermally tolerant Symbiodinium trenchii (S. trenchii) (= type D1a or D1-4) predominating under the ...

Bu?day üretiminde yayg?n olarak görülen sar? pas hastal??? önemli verim kay?plar?na yol açmaktad?r. Bu çal??mada, pasa dayan?kl? B35 yerel ekmeklik bu?day genotipi ile hassas olan Seri 82 çe?idinin melezlenmesi sonucunda elde edilen F4 bitkileri ve ebeveynler kullan?lm??t?r. Genotipler gluten mukavemeti (Glu-B1), vernalizasyon (Vrn-A1), bodurluk (Rht8, uzun Rht-B1a & Rht-D1a k?sa RhtB1b &am...

Let A be a set of finite integers, defineA+A={a1+a2:a1,a2∈A},A−A={a1−a2:a1,a2∈A}, and for non-negative integers s d definesA−dA=A+⋯+A︸s−A−⋯−A︸d. More Sums than Differences (MSTD) is an where |A+A|>|A−A|. It was initially thought that the percentage subsets [0,n] are MSTD would go to zero as n approaches infinity addition commutative subtraction not. However, in surprising 2006 result, Martin O'...