The potential drop across a bipolar membrane was measured as a function of the applied current density. As a result, an inflection point was observed in the obtained current-voltage curve at high current density. This inflection point indicates that at high current densities water supply from outside of the bipolar membrane to the interface between a cation and an anion exchange layer is the ra...

Simulation modelling helps designers to keep track of many possible behaviours in a complex environment. Having a technique to simulate the effect of peer impact on learning allows designers to test the social effects of their educational software. We implement an agent-based simulation model based on the ecological approach (EA) architecture [9]. The model considers learner attributes, learnin...

Variable reactors have been a vital component of power networks for decades, where they used as fault-current limiting devices or reactive compensation. Traditionally, modifying the inductance predominantly mechanically operated variable requires seconds to minutes. In contrast, virtual air gap (VAG) can change within milliseconds, potentially improving system stability. Existing dynamic models...

This paper analyzes the power loss of magnetically controlled reactor based on the basic theory of the electromagnetic field. In a variety of magnetic valve structure model as the object, physical simulation models of the reactor are built. Using Ansoft Maxwell simulation software, various magnetic valve structures of the reactor are studied by the analysis of the magnetic valve type reactor co...

Controlled nuclear fusion is the most promising candidate for being an inexhaustible, clean and intrinsically safe energy source. Research in the last 60 years has focused on the fusion reactor concept called tokamak, in which a high temperature plasma is confined using magnetic fields, producing fusion reactions. Because of turbulence, the confined plasma diffuses to the outermost region of th...

Numerical simulations of various reactors for the production of xylose from hardwood hemicellulose by dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis have been developed to analyze the effects on reactor performance of heat and mass transfer as well as reaction kinetics. An economic objective function representing the incremental cost of producing a 10% xylose solution for fermentation to ethanol was calculate...