Quercus crispula (=Q. mongolica var. grosseserrata) is the predominant tree species in cool temperate, mixed broadleaf/conifer forests in northern Japan. We compared 11 years of data on acorn production in a population of Q. crispula, with data on seed-insect populations, to try to answer the following questions: (1) Does Q. crispula show a regular pattern of masting? (2) How long do principal ...

Fresh fruits, vegetables and nuts represent a large, highly important, and growing industry. Nonetheless, little is known about their in vivo characterization and morphology, the effect of mechanical harvesting, peelability, postharvest mold, physiological decay, and internal quality. Currently, destructive techniques can be employed to evaluate samples for internal product attributes. However,...

BACKGROUND An evaluation was made of the effects of seven neurotoxic insecticides (esfenvalerate, indoxacarb, clothianidin, thiacloprid, azinphosmethyl, phosmet and imidacloprid), one insect growth regulator (novaluron) and two fungicides (myclobutanin and mancozeb), with water as the control, on the horizontal mobility of plum curculios exposed to dried pesticide residues. Mobility was recorde...

Fothergill et al., 1997; Wachendorf et al., 2001a). Research in the northeastern USA, however, indicated that White clover (Trifolium repens L.) persists in pastures mainly by white clover may not follow this pattern in a colder stolon growth. Morphologically complex (i.e., highly branched stolons) plants of white clover generally persist longer. We hypothesized climate. White clover plants in ...