Current efforts to predict malaria epidemics focus on the role weather anomalies can play in epidemic prediction. Alongside weather monitoring and seasonal climate forecasts, epidemiological, social and environmental factors can also play a role in predicting the timing and severity of malaria epidemics. Such factors can be incorporated into a framework for malaria early warning.

An operational hydrological ensemble forecasting system based on a meteorological ensemble prediction system (M-EPS) coupled with a hydrological model searches to capture the uncertainties associated with the meteorological prediction to better predict river flows. However, the structure of the hydrological model is also an important source of uncertainty that has to be taken into account. This...

1. Introduction Many of the recent conflicts where the United States (US) military forces have been deployed are regions that contain complex terrain (i.e. Korea, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and northern Iraq). Accurate weather forecasts are critical to the success of operations in these regions and are typically supplied by numerical weather prediction (NWP) models like the US Navy NOGAPS, CAOMPS, an...

weather predicts are influence in all aspects of life everyday. more importantly weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. mesoscale numerical weather prediction models are key for weather forecasting, however the accuracy of the predictions are affected by the errors in the numerical models.study of the clouds is challenging and there are many...

A well-represented description of convection in weather and climate models is essential since convective clouds strongly influence the climate system. Convective processes interact with radiation, redistribute sensible and latent heat and momentum, and impact hydrological processes through precipitation. Depending on the models’ horizontal resolution, the representation of convection may look v...

All numerical models (e.g., Numerical Weather Prediction models) have certain parameters within model algorithms which effect forecasts to a different degree, depending on the forecast quantity. The specific values of these model parameters are determined either theoretically using fundamental physics laws but incorporating necessary approximations to reduce computational cost, or empirically u...

Weather forecasts are nearly always portrayed from either a satellite view perspective, a numerical or symbol based representation. None of these methods actually portray weather visually from the point of view of the observer, that is, they do not represent our experience of weather. This problem presents a challenge to displaying weather using real-time 3D computer graphics. 3D Weather is a p...

ecological changes resulting from climate conditions can severely affect human societies especially in the area of economy and safety. climate catastrophes may cause social and economic tension. forecasting such changes accurately can help the government to control the disasters and to achieve possible benefits (such as water supply in flood). weather forecasting is the application of science a...